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Fire: Essentials of Firefighting and Firefighter Operations > Chapter 1 Orientation and Fire Service History > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Orientation and Fire Service History Flashcards

1
Q

The majority (23,000) of fire organizations are….

A

Voulnteer

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2
Q
  1. First recorded major fire in the New World.
A

Jamestown

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3
Q
  1. First ever paid fire company.
A

Boston

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4
Q
  1. First fire organization in America.
A

New Amsterdam. Surveyors of buildings.

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5
Q

Philadelphia fire society formed in 1735. A year later they formed………………….. with the guidance of …………………….

A

Union Volunteer Fire Company. Benjamin Franklin.

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6
Q

1700’s. Fire protection was being driven by.

A

Advancements in technology.

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7
Q

Further advancements in technology. Such as wood being replaced by iron and steel.

A

1900’s Industrial Revolution.

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8
Q

Steel increased fire risk dues to.

A

Large numbers of people in tall buildings with combustible materials, interior finishes, and limited egress.

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9
Q

NFPA formed in.

A

1896

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10
Q

First NFPA standard.

A

NFPA 13. regulation of the design and installation of fire protection sprinklers systems in structures.

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11
Q

Code that followed NFPA formation. Written in 1897.

A

National Electric Code.

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12
Q

Required panic hardware on exit doors, and required they swing outwards. Regulations of combustible materials in a place of assembly.

A

Iroquois Theater Fire, Chicago 1903

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13
Q

Fire resulted in the NFPA 101, Life Safety Code. Established requirements for means of egress.

A

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire. New York. 1911

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14
Q

Led to stricter fire and life safety requirements for assembly type occupies.

A

Cocoanut Grove Nightclub Fire. Boston. 1942

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15
Q

Resulted in the development of life safety standards to regulate the manufacture and use of tents for public occupancy.

A

Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Circus fire. Hartford, Connecticut 1944

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16
Q

Brought attention to the need for improvements in design of school buildings, requirements for fire detection and alarm systems, and the need for enclosed stairwells. Also required schools to perform fire evacuation drills.

A

Our Lady of the Angles School Fire. Chicago 1958

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17
Q

Local laws enacted to require all medium and high rise buildings to install sprinkler systems.

A

MGM grand fire. Las Vegas 1980

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18
Q

Changes made to NFPA standards for fire sprinkler and crowd management requirements for nightclubs and other assembly occupies.

A

Station Night Club Fire, West Warwick, Rhode Island, 2003

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19
Q

Increased emphasis on structural collapse, confined space, and search and rescue training and equipment.

A

Murrah Building Bombing, OKC 1995

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20
Q

Forced the fire service to improve its ability to communicate with other agencies during major disasters, which is referred to as interoperability.

A

WTC and Pentagon attacks. 2001

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21
Q

Obsolete term for resistance to fire.

A

Fire Proof

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22
Q

Emphasized the need for public fire and life safety education and prevention programs.

A

America Burning 1973

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23
Q

National Fallen firefighter foundation, Everyone goes home.

A

16 firefighter life safety initiatives.

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24
Q

The Superfund amendments and re authorization Act of 1986 (SARA Title III) and OSHA 1910.120 regulate…

A

haz mat transport, transport vehicle design, and emergency responder training.

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25
Q

Community based programs have three steps.

A

Research, Education, and Implementation.

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26
Q

Trends of fire service change in the 20th century.

A

Fire prevention and public safety education, Firefighter Safety, EMS, Haz-mat, Terrorism, Natural disaster (all hazard) mitigation, Professionalization of the fire service. Community based fire protection.

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27
Q

Interoperabiltiy

A

Ability of two or more systems or components to exchange information and use the information that has been exchanged.

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28
Q

Culture

A

The shared assumptions, beliefs, and values of a group or organization.

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29
Q

Cultural Strengths

A

Integrity, Moral Character, Work Ethic, Pride, Courage, Loyalty, Respect, Compassion

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30
Q

Integrity

A

Doing the right thing because it is right, not because it is required. Doing the right thing even when no one is watching.

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31
Q

Moral Character

A

right and just behavior with a emphasis on trust.

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32
Q

Work Ethic

A

valuing the virtues of hard work and thoroughness. Being prompt, reliable, and willing to take the initiative.

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33
Q

Courage

A

ability to confront fear, pain, danger or uncertainty

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34
Q

Authority having jurisdiction AHJ

A

Determines what services are needed to protect its citizens and establishes the fire service to meet those needs.

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35
Q

Fire and emergency organizations can either be …..or…..

A

Public, Private

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36
Q

Most communities in the US and Canada are protected by

A

Volunteer organizations

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37
Q

Line Personel

A

Provide services to external customers.

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38
Q

Staff Personel

A

Provide support to internal customers in areas such as finance, maintenance, and training.

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39
Q

External Customers

A

Citizens of the service area protected by the organization.

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40
Q

Internal Customers

A

Employees and membership of the organization.

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41
Q

Company

A

Basic unit of fire fighting operations

42
Q

Multiple company’s within a response area.

A

Battalion or district

43
Q

Engine Company

A

fire suppression at structures, vehicles, wild land, and other types of fires. Provide water supply and advance attack lines.

44
Q

Truck (Ladder) Company

A

Forcible entry, search and rescue, ventilation, salvage and overhaul, utilities, provide access to upper levels of a structure.

45
Q

Rescue/Squad Company

A

Search for and remove victims from areas of danger or entrapment and may perform technical rescues.

46
Q

Brush Company

A

Protect the wild land / urban interface

47
Q

Haz mat Company

A

Mitigate Haz mat incidents

48
Q

Emergency Medical / ambulance company

A

provide EMS and / or transport to patients

49
Q

Special rescue company

A

Perform technical rescues, including RIT

50
Q

Aircraft rescue and fire fighter company

A

Performs rescue and fire suppression involving aircraft accidents.

51
Q

NFPA 1001

A

Standard for Fire fighter professional qualifications

52
Q

NFPA 1582

A

Standard on Comprehensive Occupational Medical Program for Fire Departments

53
Q

Uniformed Personnel

A

have received basic training and may perform line and staff functions

54
Q

Nonuniform Personnel

A

civilians, not trained in hazards, do not participate in hazard mitigation.

55
Q

NFPA 472

A

Standard on competence of responders to hazardous materials/weapons of mass destruction incidents.

56
Q

Fire fighter I

A

fire suppression, search and rescue, extrication, ventilation, salvage and overhaul, EMS,

57
Q

Fire fighter II

A

Incident reports, extinguishing liquid fires, controlling flammable gas fires, cause and orgin, pre incident surveys, pub eds, fire hose testing, maintaining power equipment.

58
Q

NFPA 1002

A

Standard for fire apparatus driver/operator professional qualifications.

59
Q

NFPA 1003

A

Standard for Airport Fire fighter Professional Qualifications.

60
Q

NFPA 1003

A

Standard for technical rescuer professional qualifications.

61
Q

NFPA 1051

A

Standard on Wildland Fire fighter professional qualifications.

62
Q

NFPA 1521

A

Standard for Fire Department Safety Officer

63
Q

Incident Command System (ICS)

A

Standardized approach to incident management that facilitates interaction between cooperating agencies, adaptable to incidents of any size or type.

64
Q

NFPA 1021

A

Standard for fire officer professional qualifications.

65
Q

NFPA 1021 and 1037

A

Standard for professional qualifications for fire marshal.

66
Q

Emergency Medical Responders (EMR’s)

A

Provide immediate life saving care to critical patients while awaiting additional EMS assistance.

67
Q

Emergency Medical Technician

A

Provide basic emergency medical care and transport for critical and emergent patients. Treatment provided through basic medical equipment.

68
Q

Advanced Emergency Medical Tecnician

A

Provide basic and limited advanced emergency medical care and transport for critical and emergent patients.

69
Q

Paramedics

A

Provide advanced emergency medical care for critical and emergent patients.

70
Q

Fire Prevention officer / inspector

A

perform inspections, enforce building and fire code.

71
Q

NFPA 1031

A

Standard for professional qualifications for fire inspector and plan examiner.

72
Q

Plan Examiner

A

review architectural and fire protection system plans.

73
Q

Fire and arson investigator

A

Uniformed personnel who investigate fires and explosions to determine their origin and cause.

74
Q

NFPA 1033

A

Standard for professional qualifications for Fire Investigator

75
Q

Fire and life safety educators

A

inform public about fire and life safety hazards, fire cause, and precautions or actions to take during a fire.

76
Q

NFPA 1035

A

Standard for professional qualifications for fire and life safety educator, public information officer, and juvenile fire setter intervention specialist.

77
Q

Fire protection engineer/specialist

A

Check architectural and fire protection system plans for proposed buildings.

78
Q

Staff functions

A

Fire dept health and safety officer, Telecommunicators, Fire alarm maintenance personnel, Apparatus and equipment maintenance personnel, Information system personnel, Clerical staff, Instructors, Training officer/chief of training.

79
Q

Fire dept health and safety officer (HSO)

A

oversees the dept’s occupatinal health and safety program

80
Q

NFPA 1500

A

Standard for fire dept occupational safety and health program.

81
Q

NFPA 1521

A

Standard for fire dept safety officer

82
Q

Telecommunicators

A

receive emergency and non emergency calls, dispatch units, maintain communications with companies, complete incident reports.

83
Q

NFPA 1061

A

Standard for professional qualification for public safety telecommunicator.

84
Q

Fire Alarm maintenance personnel

A

maintain municipal fire alarm systemsN

85
Q

NFPA 72

A

National fire alarm and signaling code

86
Q

Apparatus and equipment maintenance personnel

A

maintain apparatus, vehicles, and equipment

87
Q

NFPA 1071

A

Standard on emergency vehicle technician professional qulaifications

88
Q

Information systems personnel

A

manage electronic data bases used for fire reporting

89
Q

Clerical Staff

A

Personnel who provide secretarial, administrative, and record keeping support.

90
Q

NFPA 1041

A

Standard for fire service instructor professional qualifications

91
Q

Organizational principles

A

Chain of command, Unity of command, Span of control, Division of labor.

92
Q

Chain of command

A

formal line of authority, responsibly, and communication within the organization.

93
Q

unity of command

A

each person reports to just one supervisor

94
Q

Span of control

A

3-7. 5 is optimum

95
Q

Division of labor is necessary in the fire service becuase

A

assign responsibility, prevent duplication of effort, assign specific task.

96
Q

Discipline

A

administered through rules, regulations, and policies that define acceptable performance and expected outcomes.

97
Q

Policy

A

Guide to decision making within an organization. Address things such as work hours, emergency response guidelines, and chain of command.

98
Q

Procedures

A

detailed written plans that list specific steps for approaching a problem or situation

99
Q

Standard

A

a set of principles, protocols, or procedures that is developed by committees through concensus

100
Q

Code

A

a collection of rules and regulations that has been enacted by law in a particular jurisdiction

101
Q

Public works assist the FD by providing

A

Heavy equipment for confined space rescue, Earth moving equipment, Flood control equipment, Sand for containing spills, Barriers and signs to divert traffic, Facility maintenance and repair, Civil/structural engineers.

Fire: Essentials of Firefighting and Firefighter Operations (21 decks)

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