Chapter 17 Flashcards

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0
Q

​: prescribed medications or medical procedures that act directly on the patient’s nervous system.

A

Biomedical Therapy

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1
Q

: an emotionally charged, confiding interaction between a trained therapist and someone who suffers from psychological difficulties.

A

Psychotherapy

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2
Q

: an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client’s problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy.

A

Eclectic Approcach

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3
Q

: Sigmund Freud’s therapeutic technique. Freud believed the patient’s free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences—and the therapist’s interpretations of them—released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight.

A

Psychoanalysis

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4
Q

: developed psychoanalysis, which was the first of the psychological therapies. Freud assumed that many psychological problems are fueled by childhood’s residue of repressed impulses and conflicts.

A

Sigmund Freud

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5
Q

: in psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing.

A

Free association

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6
Q

​: in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material.

A

Resistance

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7
Q

: in psychoanalysis, the analyst’s noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight.

A

Interpretation

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8
Q

: in psychoanalysis, the patient’s transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent).

A

Transference

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9
Q

: a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate clients’ growth. (Also called person-centered therapy)

A

Client centered therapy

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10
Q

: believed that people are basically good and are endowed with self-actualizing tendencies. Unless thwarted by an environment that inhibits growth, each of us is like an acorn, primed for growth and fulfillment. Rogers believed that a growth-promoting climate required three conditions—genuineness, acceptance, and empathy.

A

Carl Rogers

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11
Q

: empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers’ client-centered therapy.

A

Active listening

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12
Q

​: therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.

A

Behavior therapy

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13
Q

: a behavior therapy procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors; based on classical conditioning. Includes exposure therapy and aversive conditioning.

A

Counter conditioning

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14
Q

​: behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization, that treat anxieties by exposing people ​(in imagination or actuality) to the things they fear and avoid.

A

Exposure therapies

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15
Q

: a type of counterconditioning that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.

A

Systematic Desensitization

16
Q

: an anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking.

A

Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy

17
Q

: a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).

A

Aversive Conditioning

18
Q

: an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or treats.

A

Token economy

19
Q

: therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.

A

Cognitive therapy

20
Q

: a popular integrated therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior).

A

Cognitive-behavior Therapy

21
Q

: therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual’s unwanted behaviors as influenced by or directed at other family members; attempts to guide family members toward positive relationships and improved communication.

A

Family therapy

22
Q

​: the tendency for extremes of unusual scores to fall back (regress) toward their average.

A

Regression Toward the Mean

23
Q

​: a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies.

A

Meta-Analysis

24
Q

the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior.

A

Psychopharmacology

25
Q

: involuntary movements of the facial muscles, tongue, and limbs; a possible neurotoxic side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic drugs that target D2 dopamine receptors.

A

Tardive Dyskinesia

26
Q

: a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient.

A

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

27
Q

: the application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity.

A

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)

28
Q

​: surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior.

A

Psychosurgery