Chapter 17 Flashcards
what is visceral pain
pain from internal organs
what is somatic pain
comes from skin, muscle, soft tissue
what are factors than can influence pain response
Physiologic factors
Culture
Anxiety
Previous experience
Gate-control theory of pain
Comfort
Support
Environment
what are types of nonpharmacologic pain management
Childbirth preparation methods
Relaxing and breathing techniques
Focusing and relaxation
Breathing techniques
Effleurage and counterpressure
Touch and massage
Therapeutic touch
Application of heat and cold
Acupressure and acupuncture
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
Water therapy (hydrotherapy)
Intradermal water block
Aromatherapy
Music
Hypnosis
Biofeedback
what are sedatives used for during labor
relieve anxiety and induce sleep; typically used for women in a prolonged latent phase of labor when there is a need to lessen the intensity of the contractions, decrease anxiety, or promote sleep
what should you assess on mom before giving opioids
dilation and RR
What are contraindications for subarachnoid and epidural blocks
Active or anticipated serious maternal hemorrhage
Maternal hypotension
Maternal coagulopathy
Infection at the injection site
Increased intracranial pressure
Allergy to the anesthetic drug
Maternal refusal or inability to cooperate
Some types of maternal cardiac conditions
how is nitrous oxide used for analgesia
Nitrous oxide mixed with oxygen can be inhaled in a low concentration (50% or less) to provide analgesia during the first and second stages of labor.
what is important to know with general anesthesia
rarely used for uncomplicated vaginal birth
woman should be premeditated with clear, oral antacid to neutralize acidic stomach contents
baby should be deliver asap to reduce degree of fetal exposure to meds given
what is considered the walking epidural
combined spinal epidural analgesia
spinal anesthesia
spinal headache and blood patch