Chapter 17 Flashcards
1
Q
PCR
A
Polymerase Chain Reaction - Number of DNA strands doubles
2
Q
3 Steps of PCR
A
- Denature
- Annealing
- Synthesis
3
Q
Denature
A
High heat separates DNA strands by breaking h-bonds
4
Q
Annealing
A
low heat, add specific primers, they attach to the DNA strands
5
Q
Synthesis
A
Taq polymerase and nucleotides added, medium heat. Polymerase complimentary base pairs and add 3’ end of the primer.
6
Q
rtPCR
A
reverse transcription
7
Q
2 Steps of rtPCR
A
- Primer attaches to a mRNA strand
2. Reverse transcriptase enzyme and DNA nucleotides added-complimentary DNA strand
8
Q
Uses of rtPCR
A
- create cDNA libraries
- Create DNA to then make more of that protein
- rtPCR is used in the COVID test (SARS-CoV-2 is an mRNA virus)
9
Q
Gel Electrophoresis will separate DNA fragments by
A
size
10
Q
Gene cloning Vector
A
- ORI
- Marker Gene
- Multiple Cloning sites with restriction sites
11
Q
Technique for DNA extraction
A
- Use of detergents to break down lipid membrane
- Protease enzymes, ribonuclease enzymes, break down proteins and RNA
- Alcohol to precipitate from the solution
12
Q
Restriction Enzyme
A
cut DNA in specific spots
13
Q
Technique for Gel electrophoresis
A
- Cut DNA
- Place DNA + loading dye sample into gel wall
- Hook gel up to electrical current
- Run until loading dye is about 3/4 through gel, then visualize with UV light.
14
Q
Recombinant DNA
A
A piece of DNA with foreign DNA added to it
15
Q
Transformation
A
When bacteria uptakes new DNA
