Chapter 1 Flashcards
Biology
The Study of life
Unicellular Organism
An organism comprised of only one cell
Multicellular Organism
An organism comprised of 2 or more cells
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid,
macromolecule that contains the instructions for structure and function of living things.
Gets passed onto offspring
Prokaryote
single celled organisms,
no membrane-bound organelles
Eukaryote
(single or multi-celled) with membrane-bound organelles and nucleus
Evolution
genetic traits change over time
Adaption
The ability to survive and reproduce in an environment
Species
group of similar individuals who can interbreed with each other
Population
group of individuals of the same species who live in an area
Independent variable
influences something (the variable tested/changed)
Dependent variable
influenced by something
Control Variables
variables that are held constant in all parts to the experiment
Control Group
a test group that has no changes (gives something to compare the experimental group to
Experimental Group
a test group where a variable is being changed/ tested
Observation
noting something
Hypothesis
suggested explanation
Prediction
observable result based on hypothesis
Experiment
a test
Variables
things that can be changed in the system studied
List the basic characteristics of living things
have order, respond to stimuli, reproduce, grow/develop, regulate/homeostasis, process energy, populations adapt/evolve
Order the hierarchy of living things from atoms to the biosphere
Atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere
Explain the difference between how scientists use the word theory and how it is used in general speech.
Scientific theory= an explanation for all the known info in a field that has NOT been disproven- atomic theory, cell theory, evolution/natural selection, chromosomal inheritance
List and explain the three parts of Cell Theory
- all living organisms are composed of 1 or more cells
- cells basic organizational unit of living things
- Cells come from pre-existing cells
Explain the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection
a population can change characteristics due to individuals with traits that promote survival and reproduction passing on those genes. There must be variation of genes in the population, and selective pressure.
List the three domains of living organisms
Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
