Chapter 16 -Psychological Disorders Flashcards
Schizophrenia
A group or disorders characterized by hallucination delusion cognitive impairment mood disturbance and social withdrawal
Hallucination
A false or distorted perception of objects or events
Delusion
A false belief or opinion that is strongly held in spite of conclusive contradictory evidence
Positive symptom
An abnormal behaviour such as hallucination and delusion , that does not occur in healthy individuals but occurs in people with schizophrenia
Negative symptom
A normal and expected behaviour that is absent due to schizophrenia
Concordance rate
The statistical probability that one individual will share a trait with another individual, typically a twin or other related person
Saccade
The rapid eye movement that occurs when an individual is visually tracking a moving stimulus
Typical antipsychotic medication
A dopamine antagonist that is used to treat schizophrenia or psychosis resulting from the use of dopamine agonists such as cocaine and amphetamine
Psychological disorder
An unusual pattern of thinking feeling and behaving that is harmful to the self or others
Phenothiazine
One of a major group of dopamine antagonists used in the treatment of psychosis
Atypical antipsychotic medication
One of several newer medications used to treat schizophrenia that are not dopamine anagonists
Chlorpromazine
A commonly prescribed dopamine antagonist also known as Thorazine
Tardive dyskinesia
A chronic disorder characterized by involuntary, jerky movements, that occurs as the result of longterm treatment with antipsychotic medications
Major depressive disorder (MDD)
A disorder in which intense feelings of sadness, hopelessness and worthlessness persist a minimum of two weeks
Bipolar disorder
A mood disorder characterized by alternating cycles of mania and depression
Selective serotonin reputake inhibitor (SSRI)
a type of medication used to treat major depressive disorder and related conditions, that interferes with the reuptake of serotonin at the synapse
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
A treatment of mood disorders in which convulsions are produced by the passage of an electric current through the brain
Mania
An emotional state characterized by abnormally elevated, expansive, or irritable mood
Lithium
A simple salt that appears to stabilize serotonin and norepinephrine levels in cases of bipolar disorder
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
An anxiety disorder characterized by repetitive intrusive thoughts and the need to engage in certain behaviors to control anxiety
