Chapter 10 - Sexual Behaviour

Question 0

Y chromosomes

Answer 0

One of two types of sex chromosomes; individuals with a Y chromosome will usually develop into males

Question 1

X chromosome

Answer 1

One of two types of sex chromosomes; individuals with two X chromosomes will usually develop into females

Question 2

Turner syndrome

Answer 2

a condition caused by a XO genotype, characterised by frequent abnormalities of the ovaries and infertility

Question 3

Klinefelter syndrome

Answer 3

A condition in males caused by XXY genotype, characterized by frequent problems with fertility, secondary sex characteristics and verbal skills

Question 4

Gonads

Answer 4

The internal organs, ovaries in females and testes in males that produce reproductive cells (eggs and sperm) and secrete sex hormones

Question 5

External genitalia

Answer 5

The external sex organs, including the penis and scrotum in males and the labia, clitoris and lower third of the vagina in females

Question 6

Intersex

Answer 6

A condition in which elements of both male and female development occur in the same fetus

Question 7

Ovaries

Answer 7

Female gonads; the source of ova and sex hormones

Question 8

Testes

Answer 8

Male gonads; source of sperm and sex hormones

Question 9

Sex-determining region of the Y chromosome (SRY)

Answer 9

A gene located on the short arm of the Y chromosome that encodes for testis-determining factor

Question 10

Testis-determining factor

Answer 10

A protein encoded by the SRY gene on the Y chromosome that turns the primordial gonads into testes

Question 11

Wolffian system

Answer 11

The internal system that develops into seminal vesicles, vans deferens, and the prostate gland in males

Question 12

Mullerian system

Answer 12

The internal system that develops into a uterus, Fallopian tubes, and the upper two thirds of the vagina in the absence of anti-mullerian hormone

Question 13

Testosterone

Answer 13

An androgen produced primarily in the testes

Question 14

Anti-mullerian hormone

Answer 14

A hormone secreted by fetal testes that causes the degeneration of mullerian system

Question 15

Androgen

Answer 15

A steroid hormone that develops and maintains typically masculine characteristics

Question 16

Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS)

Answer 16

A condition in which a genetic male fetus lacks androgen receptors, which leads to the development of female external genitalia and typically female gender identity and sexual behaviour

Question 17

Gender identity

Answer 17

The sense of being male or female, independent of genetic sex or physical appearance

Question 18

5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone

Answer 18

An androgen secreted by the testes that masculinizes the external genitalia

Question 19

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Answer 19

A condition in which a fetus is exposed to higher-than-normal androgens, resulting in masculinization of external genitalia and some cognitive behaviours in affected females

Question 20

Secondary sex characteristics

Answer 20

Characteristics related to sex that appear at puberty including deepening voice and facial hair growth in males and widening hips and breast development in females

Question 21

Estrogen

Answer 21

A steroid hormone that develops and maintains typically female characteristics

Question 22

Estradiol

Answer 22

An estrogen hormone synthesized primarily in the ovaries