Chapter 16-psych/bio treatments Flashcards
What is psychotherapy
a psychological intervention designed to help people resolve emotional, behavioural, and interpersonal problems and improve the quality of the or lives
What’s a paraprofessional
Person with no mental training who provide mental health services
What are insight therapies
Psychotherapies, including psychodynamic, humanistic, and group approaches, with the goal of expanding awareness or insight
What is free association
Technique in which clients express themselves without censorship of any sort
Name the six primary approaches that psychoanalytic therapists use to attempt to “make the unconscious conscious” (bringing awareness to previously repressed impulses, conflicts and memories)?
In order
Free association Interpretation Dream analysis Minimize Resistance Transference Help clients Work though or process problems
What Is resistance
Attempts to avoid confrontation and anxiety associated with uncovering previously repressed thoughts, emotions and impulses
- eg. Skipping therapy sessions
- stalls progress
What is transference
As analysis continues, clings begin to experience transference: they project intense, unrealistic feelings and expectations from their past onto the therapist
What is interpersonal therapy(IP)
Short term intervention/treatment that strengthens social skills and targets interpersonal problems, conflicts and life transitions
-successful in treating depression, eating disorders and substance abuse
What are humanistic therapies
Therapies that emphasize the development of human potential and the belief that human nature is basically positive
What are person centred therapies
Therapy centring on the clients goals and ways of solving problems
- therapist must be authentic, genuine, empathic and express unconditional positive regard(nonjudgmental acceptance)
- some say placebo treatment others say not
- reflection is a central component
What is Gestalt therapy
Therapy that aims to integrate different and sometimes opposing aspects of personality into a unified sense of self
- two chair technique
- key to personal growth is accepting responsibility for ones feelings and maintaining contact with the here and now
What is group therapy
Therapy that treats more than one person at a time
Strategic family intervention
Family therapy approach designed to remove barriers to effective communication
-family members often scapegoat on family member as the identified patient with the problem
What is structural family therapy
Treatment in which therapists deeply involve themselves in family activities to change how family members arrange and organize interactions
What are behavioural therapists
Therapists who focus on specific problem behaviours and on current variables that maintain problematic thoughts, feelings and behaviours
-systematic desensitization
What is systematic desensitization
Patients are taught to relax as they are gradually exposed to what they fear in a stepwise manner
-process continues until client can confront the most frightening scenes without anxiety
What is it exposure therapy
Therapy that confronts patients with what they fear with the goal of reducing the fear
What is dismantling
Research procedure for examining the effectiveness of isolated components of a larger treatment such as systematic desensitization
-shows that no single component of desensitization(relaxation, imagery, and anxiety hierarchy) is essential for the outcome
What is response prevention
Technique in which therapists prevent clients from performing their typical avoidance behaviours
- crucial component of of flooding
- effective for OCD
What is participant modelling
Technique in which the therapist first models a problematic situation and then guides the client through steps to cope with it unassisted
-help with Social anxiety
What is aversion therapy
Treatment that uses punishment to decrease the frequency of undesirable behaviours
Therapists introduce stimuli that most people experience as painful, unpleasant or even revolting
What are cognitive behavioural therapies
Treatments that attempt to replace maladaptive or irrational cognitions with more adaptive, rational cognitions
-idea that beliefs play the central role in our feelings and behaviours
What is meta-analysis
Statistical method that helps researchers to interpret large bodies of psychological literature
-analysis of analysis
What are empirically supported treatments (EST)
Intervention for specific disorders supported by high-quality scientific evidence
-also known as research supported treatments
