Chapter 16 Lesson 1 Vocab/Coaches Corner

Question 1

Motivational Interviewing (MI)

Answer 1

A client-centered coaching style that helps clients resolve ambivalence and elicit behavior change.

Question 2

Ambivalence

Answer 2

The state of having mixed feelings about change – a client with ambivalence wants to change and at the same time does not want to change.

Question 3

Motivation

Answer 3

The collective reasons that drive a person to take action.

Question 4

Coach’s Corner

Changing dietary behaviors

Answer 4

Changing dietary behaviors is a challenging, but attainable goal. The client may make some changes but the weight on the scale does not change. The desirability of the goal may start to decrease in the client’s mind. Success is motivational whereas perceived failure reduces motivation. Have clients think about the best version of themselves, the person who makes healthy decisions in almost every scenario. This is the person who snacks on fruit instead of ice cream at night. Encourage them that this version of themselves exists. Hand the decision making for healthy decisions over to this version of themselves. Each time they forgo a proximal temptation, they are doing something that is going to help the future version of themselves.

Question 5

Proximal Rewards

Answer 5

Rewards that are immediate – for example, the pleasure of eating high-sugar, high-fat foods.

Question 6

Distal Rewards

Answer 6

Rewards that are far away, such as a loss of 30 pounds.

Question 7

Motivational Phase

Answer 7

The build-up of mental energy that drives the desire to behave in certain ways – behavior often needs plans.

Question 8

Planning Phase

Answer 8

Point where individuals decide how they will turn their motivation into behavior.

Question 9

Coach’s Corner

Answer 9

Outcome goals are fine, but they should not be the focus of a client’s goals. Rather, performance and process goals need to be set to provide the specific behaviors to reach outcome goals.

Question 10

Critical!

Answer 10

One of the most consistent findings in all behavioral psychology is that specific goals produce significantly better performance than easy goals, no goals, or do-your-best goals.

Question 11

Food for Thought

Answer 11

Be careful before applying goal setting principles regarding diet and nutrition to children and adolescents. For example, very-young children often lack the maturity and ability to accurately self-monitor their own behaviors.