Chapter 16 EXAM 3

Question 1

Diploid-

Answer 1

2n Humans
Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes

Question 2

Haploid-

Answer 2

n Sperm or egg cell
Gametes have 1 member of each pair of chromosomes or 23 pairs total chromosomes

Question 3

Karyotype-

Answer 3

Reveals number, size, form of chromosomes in an actively dividing cell

Question 4

Chromosome-

Answer 4

Composed of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus
Determines an organism’s traits and characteristics

Question 5

Chromatid-

Answer 5

(Sister chromatids)
After chromosomes replicate in the S phase of the cell cycle, 2 copies stay joined and are called sister chromatids
Tightly associated at the centromere of the chromosome

Question 6

Chromatin-

Answer 6

A complex of DNA, RNA, and proteins
The substance that makes up chromosomes

Question 7

Homologous Chromosomes-

Answer 7

In diploid species, members of a pair of chromosomes

Question 8

Which one of the following is NOT a part of Mitosis? Prophase, interphase, prometaphase or anaphase

Answer 8

Interphase
the phase of the cell cycle where the cell prepares for division by growing and replicating its DNA

Question 9

A cell in the G2 of the cell division cycle contains 20 chromatids. How many centromeres are present in this cell?

Answer 9

10

Question 10

Humans produce skin cells by mitosis and gametes by meiosis. Which of the following statements about nuclei of skin cells is correct?
They contain the same amount of DNA as the nuclei of gametes produced by meiosis.
They contain twice as much DNA as the nuclei of gametes produced by meiosis.
They contain four times as much DNA as the nuclei of gametes produced by meiosis.
They contain half as much DNA as the nuclei of gametes produced by meiosis.

Answer 10

They contain twice as much DNA as the nuclei of gametes produced by meiosis.

Question 11

What phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate in?

Answer 11

Anaphase I

Question 12

What phase of meiosis do sister chromatids separate in?

Answer 12

Anaphase II

Question 13

What stage of mitosis or cell division would a medication that binds to microtubules and prevents there depolymerization affect?

Answer 13

Anaphase

Question 14

At what stage of the cell cycle would the nucleus contain 6 picograms of DNA

Answer 14

G2

Question 15

Which of the following statements about telomeres is INCORRECT?
Telomeres are found on the ends of chromosomes.
Telomeres would be longer in cells of older than younger individuals.
Telomeres are crucial to the viability of a cell that replicates often.
Telomeres are short repeat sequences.
Telomeres are lengthened by telomerase.

Answer 15

Telomeres would be longer in cells of older than younger individuals.

Question 16

Why must the life cycle of sexually reproducing species alternate between haploid and diploid stages ?
Haploid cells cannot grow independently of diploid cells.
Mitosis must occur at some point in the life cycle to prevent a doubling of chromosomes in each generation.
Meiosis must occur at some point in the life cycle to prevent a doubling of chromosomes in each generation.
The diploid stage allows for genetic recombination

Answer 16

Meiosis must occur at some point in the life cycle to prevent a doubling of chromosomes in each generation.