Chapter 16-Absolutism, Constitutionalism Flashcards
1
Q
Difference between how Middle Ages rulers and Absolutist stater rulers ruled- explain divine right
A
pg. 1
2
Q
James II
- Appointed \_\_\_\_, in violation of \_\_\_\_ - Suspended\_\_\_\_, appeared to be reviving \_\_\_\_ - Two events led to revolution: - _Declaration of indulgence_:
A
pg. 19
3
Q
Aristocrats in Spain would ____
-This would cause what?
A
pg. 13
4
Q
Commonwealth/Republican government of England proclaimed upon ____
- Theoretically, \_\_\_\_ had legislative power, \_\_\_\_ had executive power
- But who really had power?
A
pg. 17
5
Q
Raison d’etat:
A
pg. 5
6
Q
Totalitarianism vs. Absolutism; differences?
A
pg. 2
7
Q
French Academy:
A
pg. 5
8
Q
Bureaucracies of Absolute Rulers
- Who appointed the career officials? - What class composed of the Bureaucracy? - Royal Agents-what did they do? - Difference between older bureaucracies
A
pg. 2
9
Q
Dutch East India company
- \_\_\_\_company; how-so? - Would cut into \_\_\_\_\_ - Dutch West India Company:
A
pg. 21
10
Q
Artists + Writers of the later 1600’s
-Possessed classical qualities of ____,____, and ____
A
pg. 9
11
Q
Bad harvests 1688-1694:
A
pg. 11
12
Q
Restoration and Religion
-Test Act 1673
A
pg. 18
13
Q
Instrument of Government 1653
A
pg. 17
14
Q
What would practicing religious toleration do economically for the Netherlands?
A
pg. 21
15
Q
Intendants
- Appointed directly by the \_\_\_\_ - Recruited men for \_\_\_\_,supervised \_\_\_\_, presided over the \_\_\_\_, checked up on the \_\_\_\_, regulated \_\_\_\_\_ activities such as \_\_\_\_
A
pg. 4
16
Q
Political success of Netherlands rested on ____
-Moral+Ethical laws: ____, ____, and ____
A
pg. 20
17
Q
James I had ____ from Elizabeth’s rule, but lacked what to fix problem?
A
pg. 14
18
Q
Jean-Baptiste Lully:
A
pg. 9
19
Q
17th Century Dutch Politics
- Regents:
- \_\_\_\_ held virtually all power
- States general:
- Standholder:
A
pg. 20
20
Q
Why did Charles II eventually dissolve Parliament?
A
pg. 18
21
Q
Triennial Act 1641:
A
pg. 16
22
Q
1670 Charles-Louis XIV secret agreement:
A
pg. 18
23
Q
Bureaucrats under Louis XIV:
A
pg. 7
24
Q
After Henry IV died, ____ ruled for rightful but young King ____, but ____ would instead dominate politics
A
pg. 3
25
Francois Couperin:
pg. 9
26
House of Commons wanted ____
pg. 14
27
Urban Protests
- What caused them?
- What happened to the tax collectors?
- What did the government do to respond?
pg. 4
28
French foreign policy under Richelieu
pg. 4
29
Henry IV
- What religion?
- Edict of Nantes-why did he pass it?
- Taxes on peasants:
- Paulette:
- Revenues would increase despite ____ by ____
- How id he die?
pg. 3
30
Drastic social + economic changes in England 16th-17th century
- Dissolution of ____, sale of ____ had enriched many people
- Agricultural techniques including ____ and ____ had improved the land and its yield
- Investing in ____ and through ____ and ____ led to social mobility
- Economy in England ____
- Inflation?
- Wealthier, better educated ____
- Able to tax?
pg. 15
31
John Locke:
pg. 19
32
1698 European Powers Treaty
- Death of Charles II 1700 would cause Louis to ____
- As a result, ____ and ____ united
pg. 11
33
How are the Netherlands greatly unlike other 17th century European governments?
pg. 20
34
Marc-Antoine Charpentier:
pg. 9
35
17th Century Spain
- Power of state ____
- ____continued to hurt them financially
- Rejected ____+____ because came from heretical nations
- Still focused on ____
- ____ of Habsburg dynasty, lack of ____
pg. 13
36
Jean Martinet
pg. 10
37
What do Puritans want to "purify?"
pg. 15
38
James I (r. 1603-1625) in General
pg. 14
39
Relationship of Charles II and Parliament
- Cabal:
- Concept of ministerial responsibility:
- Rested on understanding that:
pg. 18
40
Cardinal Richelieu/Armand Jean du Plessis
- 1624 appointed to ____ by Marie de Medici
- 1628 ____ of French Crown
- Would set ____ in place in France
pg. 3
41
Ramifications of Edict of Nantes revocation (near bottom of page)
pg. 8
42
Puritans wanted to abolish ____
pg. 15
43
Problems in France when Henry IV took the throne
pg. 3
44
Irish uprising
| -General summary, what did it help directly cause?
pg. 16
45
Jean Racine
pg. 9
46
```
Puritans are generally similar to ____
-"Protestant ethic"/ "middle-class ethic"/ "capitalist ethic":
```
pg. 15
47
1590's seeds of disaster in Spain
- Lack of ____
- ____crisis and ____ decline
- Failure to ____
- By 1715, a ____
pg. 12
48
Francois le Telier/Marquis de Louvois
- 1666 appointed ____
- Why was the professional army he created considered modern?
- Methods of recruitment (3):
pg. 10
49
In 17th Century Spain
- Views on moneymaking:
- Way too many ____, ____
- ____ rampant, ____ destroyed
pg. 13
50
William Laud
- Insisted on ____
- Enforced ____
- 2 new elements on church organization in Scotland:
pg. 15-16
51
Difference between how Medieval and Absolutist rulers solved their financial problems:
pg. 2
52
What contributed to less revenues for Spain from the New World (4 things)?
pg. 13
53
Protestant Maximilien de Bethame, Duke of Sully
- Appointed ____ by Henry Iv
- Indirect taxes on salt, sales, transit- what did he do with these taxes?
- Trade with Indies
- ____ system
pg. 3
54
English cabinet system
- Who formulates common policy and conducts business of the country?
- Sir Robert Walpole:
- Legislative + Executive power held by ____, ____ has less say
pg. 20
55
Jean-Baptiste Poquelin/Moliere
pg. 9
56
Restoration of 1660
| -____ on throne now
pg. 18
57
1659 Treaty of Pyrenees
pg. 13
58
Reign of Louis XIV
- Nickname:
- Extremely ____, believed in ____
- Distrusted ____, profound sense of ____
- Exercised ____ over powerful social class
- Nobility + Louis XIV views on Huguenots
pg. 6
59
The Glorious Revolution would inaugurate a ____, an age of ____
pg. 20
60
Constitutionalism:
- What are the Constitutionalist nations in the 17th century?
- Constitution protects ____,____, and ____
- Democracy same or different?
pg. 14
61
Colbert+Canada
| -Jacques Marquette, Louis Joliet, Robert La Salle
pg. 8
62
Absolute Rulers
- Tried to control ____
- Regulated ____
- Abolished ____
- Secured cooperation of ____
- Maintained ____
pg. 2
63
____ marked beginning of Dutch economic decline
pg. 21
64
House of Commons during English Civil War
- Impeached ____+____
- Threatened to ____
- Why did King Charles accept these measures?
pg. 16
65
Fronde
- Frondeur:
- Ramifications of ____
- 3 significant results:
pg. 5
66
Louis XIV, unlike his predecessor, had no ____
pg. 7
67
Louis XIV and the Estates General
pg. 7
68
Jean-Baptiste Colbert
| -Applied ____ to France
pg. 7
69
Chalude Le Peletier+Louis XIV measures to solve finance problems:
- Restored to the ____, and the old device of ____, also ____ and ____
- Published declaration ordering all nations ____ be ____
- Methods effective/uneffective?
pg. 11
70
Louis XIV Reign
- Compromise with Nobility:
- Versailles
- French would become the ____
- Used court ceremonials to ____
- Separation of ____ from ____ and ____
pg. 6
71
Economy under Richelieu, Louis XIV
- Taxing problem
- How did they temporarily solve their problems?
- ____would limit French Absolutism
pg. 5
72
Expansionist policy under Louis XIV
- Invaded ____ and ____ 1667
- Got important towns ____ and ____
- Invaded ____, ____ would barely survive invasion
- Treaty of ____ concluded war
- Seized city of ____ 1681, 1684 sent army to ____
pg. 10
73
Don Quixote
| -The term quixotic means:
pg. 13
74
How did Cardinal Richelieu establish absolutism in France?
- Had influence over ____
- Total ____ of all groups and institutions to the French Monarchy
- Leveled ____, crushed ____
- Depleted ____ of power
- Divided France into 32 ____. ____ held financial and judicial power in each one
pg. 3
75
Most important work of Colbert
pg. 8
76
Greatest weakness of Louis XIV administration: _____
| -Why (4 reasons)?
pg. 7
77
Mercantilism under Colbert
- Regulation of ____ by and for the state
- International power based on ____
- Imports vs. Exports; France ____ (next line)
- Outflow of gold ____, debtor states would pay in ____, power+prestige of France would be ____ as wealth ____
- Subsidized ____, privileges given to ____, set up a system of ____, built ____, abolished ____, enacted ____
pg. 7
78
Dutch standard of living 17th century
- Food situation:
- Wealth/Lack of Wealth:
- Wage's of workers low/high
pg. 21
79
Oliver Cromwell rule 1653-1658
- Continued ____, proclaimed ____
- Divided England into ____, each governed by a ____
- Favored ____, with what noticeable exception?
- Economy ____
- Censored ____, forbade ____, kept ____ closed
- Navigation Act 1651:
- ____ allowed back to England after 3 century absence
pg. 17
80
Thomas Hobbes
| -book:
pg. 17
81
"Law of Concord"/ Edict of Nantes
- Made in order to promote ____
- 1627 what did Louis XIII do in relation to the Edit
- Why?
- Targeted what city?
- Reinstated ____, but Protestants retained ____
pg. 4
82
____ and ____ would ultimately make Colbert's goals unattainable
pg. 8
83
Divine Right and James I
| -Ideas expressed in:____
pg. 14
84
Netherlands practiced ____, being the only 17th Century Country to consistently do this
pg. 20
85
Glorious Revolution
- Destruction of the idea of ____
- ____ and ____ accepted English throne
- Established principle that sovereignty ____
- Bill of Rights:
- England must now always be ____
pg. 19
86
Charles I
- Dissolved ____ 1629-why?
- 1629-1640 ruled without ____
- Financed government through ____ such as a medieval law that ____
- Parliament would not allow charles to have an ____
- "Long Parliament":
pg. 16
87
Great Alliance
- Effect of ____
- Fighting to ____
- Checking/bombing ____
- 2 great soldiers:
- One of Holy Roman Empire:
- One of England:
pg. 12
