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AP Euro > Chapter 16-Absolutism, Constitutionalism > Flashcards

Chapter 16-Absolutism, Constitutionalism Flashcards

1
Q

Difference between how Middle Ages rulers and Absolutist stater rulers ruled- explain divine right

A

pg. 1

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2
Q

James II

- Appointed \_\_\_\_, in violation of \_\_\_\_
- Suspended\_\_\_\_, appeared to be reviving \_\_\_\_
- Two events led to revolution:
- _Declaration of indulgence_:
A

pg. 19

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3
Q

Aristocrats in Spain would ____

-This would cause what?

A

pg. 13

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4
Q

Commonwealth/Republican government of England proclaimed upon ____

- Theoretically, \_\_\_\_ had legislative power, \_\_\_\_ had executive power
     - But who really had power?
A

pg. 17

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5
Q

Raison d’etat:

A

pg. 5

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6
Q

Totalitarianism vs. Absolutism; differences?

A

pg. 2

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7
Q

French Academy:

A

pg. 5

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8
Q

Bureaucracies of Absolute Rulers

- Who appointed the career officials?
- What class composed of the Bureaucracy?
- Royal Agents-what did they do?
- Difference between older bureaucracies
A

pg. 2

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9
Q

Dutch East India company

- \_\_\_\_company; how-so?
- Would cut into \_\_\_\_\_
- Dutch West India Company:
A

pg. 21

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10
Q

Artists + Writers of the later 1600’s

-Possessed classical qualities of ____,____, and ____

A

pg. 9

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11
Q

Bad harvests 1688-1694:

A

pg. 11

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12
Q

Restoration and Religion

-Test Act 1673

A

pg. 18

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13
Q

Instrument of Government 1653

A

pg. 17

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14
Q

What would practicing religious toleration do economically for the Netherlands?

A

pg. 21

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15
Q

Intendants

- Appointed directly by the \_\_\_\_
- Recruited men for \_\_\_\_,supervised \_\_\_\_, presided over the \_\_\_\_, checked up on the \_\_\_\_, regulated \_\_\_\_\_ activities such as \_\_\_\_
A

pg. 4

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16
Q

Political success of Netherlands rested on ____

-Moral+Ethical laws: ____, ____, and ____

A

pg. 20

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17
Q

James I had ____ from Elizabeth’s rule, but lacked what to fix problem?

A

pg. 14

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18
Q

Jean-Baptiste Lully:

A

pg. 9

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19
Q

17th Century Dutch Politics

- Regents:
- \_\_\_\_ held virtually all power
- States general:
    - Standholder:
A

pg. 20

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20
Q

Why did Charles II eventually dissolve Parliament?

A

pg. 18

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21
Q

Triennial Act 1641:

A

pg. 16

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22
Q

1670 Charles-Louis XIV secret agreement:

A

pg. 18

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23
Q

Bureaucrats under Louis XIV:

A

pg. 7

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24
Q

After Henry IV died, ____ ruled for rightful but young King ____, but ____ would instead dominate politics

A

pg. 3

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25
Q

Francois Couperin:

A

pg. 9

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26
Q

House of Commons wanted ____

A

pg. 14

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27
Q

Urban Protests

- What caused them?
- What happened to the tax collectors?
- What did the government do to respond?
A

pg. 4

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28
Q

French foreign policy under Richelieu

A

pg. 4

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29
Q

Henry IV

- What religion?
- Edict of Nantes-why did he pass it?
- Taxes on peasants:
- Paulette:
- Revenues would increase despite \_\_\_\_ by \_\_\_\_
- How id he die?
A

pg. 3

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30
Q

Drastic social + economic changes in England 16th-17th century

- Dissolution of \_\_\_\_, sale of \_\_\_\_ had enriched many people
- Agricultural techniques including \_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_ had improved the land and its yield
- Investing in \_\_\_\_ and through \_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_ led to social mobility
- Economy in England \_\_\_\_
- Inflation?
- Wealthier, better educated \_\_\_\_
- Able to tax?
A

pg. 15

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31
Q

John Locke:

A

pg. 19

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32
Q

1698 European Powers Treaty

- Death of Charles II 1700 would cause Louis to \_\_\_\_
    - As a result, \_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_ united
A

pg. 11

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33
Q

How are the Netherlands greatly unlike other 17th century European governments?

A

pg. 20

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34
Q

Marc-Antoine Charpentier:

A

pg. 9

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35
Q

17th Century Spain

- Power of state \_\_\_\_
- \_\_\_\_continued to hurt them financially
- Rejected \_\_\_\_+\_\_\_\_ because came from heretical nations
- Still focused on \_\_\_\_
- \_\_\_\_ of Habsburg dynasty, lack of \_\_\_\_
36
Q

Jean Martinet

37
Q

What do Puritans want to “purify?”

38
Q

James I (r. 1603-1625) in General

39
Q

Relationship of Charles II and Parliament

- Cabal:
- Concept of ministerial responsibility:
- Rested on understanding that:
40
Q

Cardinal Richelieu/Armand Jean du Plessis

- 1624 appointed to \_\_\_\_ by Marie de Medici
- 1628 \_\_\_\_ of French Crown
- Would set \_\_\_\_ in place in France
41
Q

Ramifications of Edict of Nantes revocation (near bottom of page)

42
Q

Puritans wanted to abolish ____

43
Q

Problems in France when Henry IV took the throne

44
Q

Irish uprising

-General summary, what did it help directly cause?

45
Q

Jean Racine

46
Q 
Puritans are generally similar to \_\_\_\_
    -"Protestant ethic"/ "middle-class ethic"/ "capitalist ethic":
47
Q

1590’s seeds of disaster in Spain

- Lack of \_\_\_\_
- \_\_\_\_crisis and \_\_\_\_ decline
- Failure to \_\_\_\_
- By 1715, a \_\_\_\_
48
Q

Francois le Telier/Marquis de Louvois

- 1666 appointed \_\_\_\_
- Why was the professional army he created considered modern?
- Methods of recruitment (3):
49
Q

In 17th Century Spain

- Views on moneymaking:
- Way too many \_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_
- \_\_\_\_ rampant, \_\_\_\_ destroyed
50
Q

William Laud

- Insisted on \_\_\_\_
- Enforced \_\_\_\_ - 2 new elements on church organization in Scotland:
51
Q

Difference between how Medieval and Absolutist rulers solved their financial problems:

52
Q

What contributed to less revenues for Spain from the New World (4 things)?

53
Q

Protestant Maximilien de Bethame, Duke of Sully

- Appointed \_\_\_\_ by Henry Iv
- Indirect taxes on salt, sales, transit- what did he do with these taxes?
- Trade with Indies
- \_\_\_\_ system
54
Q

English cabinet system

- Who formulates common policy and conducts business of the country?
 - Sir Robert Walpole:
- Legislative + Executive power held by \_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_ has less say
55
Q

Jean-Baptiste Poquelin/Moliere

56
Q

Restoration of 1660

-____ on throne now

57
Q

1659 Treaty of Pyrenees

58
Q

Reign of Louis XIV

- Nickname:
- Extremely \_\_\_\_, believed in \_\_\_\_
- Distrusted \_\_\_\_, profound sense of \_\_\_\_
- Exercised \_\_\_\_ over powerful social class
- Nobility + Louis XIV views on Huguenots
59
Q

The Glorious Revolution would inaugurate a ____, an age of ____

60
Q

Constitutionalism:

- What are the Constitutionalist nations in the 17th century?
- Constitution protects \_\_\_\_,\_\_\_\_, and \_\_\_\_
- Democracy same or different?
61
Q

Colbert+Canada

-Jacques Marquette, Louis Joliet, Robert La Salle

62
Q

Absolute Rulers

- Tried to control \_\_\_\_
- Regulated \_\_\_\_
- Abolished \_\_\_\_
- Secured cooperation of \_\_\_\_
- Maintained \_\_\_\_
63
Q

____ marked beginning of Dutch economic decline

64
Q

House of Commons during English Civil War

- Impeached \_\_\_\_+\_\_\_\_
- Threatened to \_\_\_\_
    - Why did King Charles accept these measures?
65
Q

Fronde

- Frondeur:
- Ramifications of \_\_\_\_
- 3 significant results:
66
Q

Louis XIV, unlike his predecessor, had no ____

67
Q

Louis XIV and the Estates General

68
Q

Jean-Baptiste Colbert

-Applied ____ to France

69
Q

Chalude Le Peletier+Louis XIV measures to solve finance problems:

- Restored to the \_\_\_\_, and the old device of \_\_\_\_, also \_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_
- Published declaration ordering all nations \_\_\_\_ be \_\_\_\_
- Methods effective/uneffective?
70
Q

Louis XIV Reign

- Compromise with Nobility:
- Versailles
- French would become the \_\_\_\_
- Used court ceremonials to \_\_\_\_
    - Separation of \_\_\_\_ from \_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_
71
Q

Economy under Richelieu, Louis XIV

- Taxing problem
- How did they temporarily solve their problems?
- \_\_\_\_would limit French Absolutism
72
Q

Expansionist policy under Louis XIV

- Invaded \_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_ 1667
    - Got important towns \_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_
- Invaded \_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_ would barely survive invasion
    - Treaty of \_\_\_\_ concluded war
- Seized city of \_\_\_\_ 1681, 1684 sent army to \_\_\_\_
73
Q

Don Quixote

-The term quixotic means:

74
Q

How did Cardinal Richelieu establish absolutism in France?

- Had influence over \_\_\_\_
- Total \_\_\_\_ of all groups and institutions to the French Monarchy
- Leveled \_\_\_\_, crushed \_\_\_\_
- Depleted \_\_\_\_ of power
- Divided France into 32 \_\_\_\_. \_\_\_\_ held financial and judicial power in each one
75
Q

Most important work of Colbert

76
Q

Greatest weakness of Louis XIV administration: _____

-Why (4 reasons)?

77
Q

Mercantilism under Colbert

- Regulation of \_\_\_\_ by and for the state
- International power based on \_\_\_\_
- Imports vs. Exports; France \_\_\_\_ (next line)    - Outflow of gold \_\_\_\_, debtor states would pay in \_\_\_\_, power+prestige of France would be \_\_\_\_ as wealth \_\_\_\_
- Subsidized \_\_\_\_, privileges given to \_\_\_\_, set up a system of \_\_\_\_, built \_\_\_\_, abolished \_\_\_\_, enacted \_\_\_\_
78
Q

Dutch standard of living 17th century

- Food situation:
- Wealth/Lack of Wealth:
- Wage's of workers low/high
79
Q

Oliver Cromwell rule 1653-1658

- Continued \_\_\_\_, proclaimed \_\_\_\_
- Divided England into \_\_\_\_, each governed by a \_\_\_\_
- Favored \_\_\_\_, with what noticeable exception?
- Economy \_\_\_\_
- Censored \_\_\_\_, forbade \_\_\_\_, kept \_\_\_\_ closed
- Navigation Act 1651:
- \_\_\_\_ allowed back to England after 3 century absence
80
Q

Thomas Hobbes

-book:

81
Q

“Law of Concord”/ Edict of Nantes

- Made in order to promote \_\_\_\_
- 1627 what did Louis XIII do in relation to the Edit
- Why?
- Targeted what city?
- Reinstated \_\_\_\_, but Protestants retained \_\_\_\_
82
Q

____ and ____ would ultimately make Colbert’s goals unattainable

83
Q

Divine Right and James I

-Ideas expressed in:____

84
Q

Netherlands practiced ____, being the only 17th Century Country to consistently do this

85
Q

Glorious Revolution

- Destruction of the idea of \_\_\_\_
- \_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_ accepted English throne
- Established principle that sovereignty \_\_\_\_
- Bill of Rights:
- England must now always be \_\_\_\_
86
Q

Charles I

- Dissolved \_\_\_\_ 1629-why?
- 1629-1640 ruled without \_\_\_\_
    - Financed government through \_\_\_\_ such as a medieval law that \_\_\_\_
- Parliament would not allow charles to have an \_\_\_\_
- "Long Parliament":
87
Q

Great Alliance

- Effect of \_\_\_\_
- Fighting to \_\_\_\_
- Checking/bombing \_\_\_\_
- 2 great soldiers:
    - One of Holy Roman Empire:
    - One of England:

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