Ch. 29 WW2 Flashcards
1
Q
What was the traditional form of anti-democratic government in European history?
- Examples: - How did leaders prevent major changes? - Limited in \_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_
A
pg. 1
2
Q
By 1938, what was the only Eastern European country not under a dictatorship?
A
pg. 1
3
Q
What were the 4 major reasons for the revival of old dictatorships after WW1?
A
pg. 1
4
Q
What did totalitarianism call for? Where was it occuring?
A
pg. 2
5
Q
French thinkier elie Halevy in her book _____ said that _____
A
pg. 2
6
Q
When did totalitarianism “burst on scene?”
A
pg. 2
7
Q
What aspects did Totalitarian leaders try to control?
A
pg. 2
8
Q
How did Totalitarians differ from Classic Liberals in what they believed?
A
pg. 2
9
Q
What are the two major differences between Soviet Union and Nazi Germany Totalitarianism?
A
pg. 2
10
Q
What is fascism characterized by?
A
pg. 3
11
Q
Where would fascist movements come to power?
A
pg. 3
12
Q
What were Stalin’s 5 year plans?
A
pg. 3
13
Q
What economic problems did Lenin and the Bolsheviks face after winning the civil war?
A
pg. 3
14
Q
To improve the economy, Lenin announced the ______
- What did this entail? - Successful/Unsuccessful? How?
A
pg. 3-4
15
Q
What were the two main candidates to be Lenin’s heir? Who would win out and how?
A
pg. 4
16
Q
Stalin’s theory of ____ was more appealing than Trotsky’s theory of ____
A
pg. 4
17
Q
What 4 steps officially brought Stalin to power from 1922-1927?
A
pg. 4
18
Q
What event in 1927 ratified Stalin’s consolidation of power and marked the end of NEP?
A
pg. 5
19
Q
What were the objectives of the first five-year plan?
A
pg. 5
20
Q
What was the “cursed problem?”
A
pg. 5
21
Q
What would Stalin’s “war on the peasantry” become known as?
A
pg. 5
22
Q
What did Stalin’s system of collectivization entail?
A
pg. 5
23
Q
What class would be “liquidated” by Stalin?
A
pg. 5
24
Q
What were the economic ramifications of collectivization?
A
pg. 5
25
How many peasants would end up dying from collectivization? Where were things especially bad?
pg. 5
26
What was called the "second serfdom" in the USSR?
pg. 6
27
Why were Soviet peasants no longer a threat after collectivization?
pg. 6
28
How was industry helped through Stalin's 5 Year Plans?
pg. 6
29
Soviets decreed that 1/3 of net income go for ____
| -What did this cause?
pg. 6
30
What two other factors contributed to industry improving under the 5 year plans?
pg. 6
31
Why was there no improvement in the average standard of living under Stalin?
pg. 7
32
In what major ways was life hard for Soviet commoners under Stalin?
pg. 7
33
What social benefits and labor positives did Soviet workers have?
pg. 7
34
What were the keys to personal advancement in the USSR under Stalin?
pg. 7
35
How did the role of women change after the Russian Revolution and Stalin came to power?
pg. 7
36
In what way did the Soviet Union become police terror?
pg. 8
37
How did Stalin launch a new reign of terror?
pg. 8
38
What were the "show trials?" What did this mean for Stalin's fellow government officials?
pg. 8
39
What was purging really meant to be?
pg. 8
40
What serious problems did early 20th Century Italy face?
pg. 9
41
How did WW1 make the Italian situation worse?
pg. 9
42
What two strong new parties emerged in Italy after WW1?
pg. 9
43
Why was Mussolin's fascist party at first ineffective?
pg. 9
44
Why did Mussolini turn against Socialism?
pg. 9
45
Mussolini's private army:
pg. 9
46
Explain how Mussolini got to power:
pg. 9
47
What allowed the Fascist party in Italy to win an overwhelming majority in 1924?
pg. 10
48
Describe the Giacomo Matteotti incident:
- What happened?
- How did Mussolini "make the nation Fascist" after this incident?
pg. 10
49
It what ways was Mussolini not successful in creating a modern totalitarian state?
pg. 10
50
Lateran agreement:
- What is it?
- Who supported Mussolini after the agreement was made?
pg. 10
51
How did Mussolini treat women?
pg. 10
52
What two main ideas did Nazism grow out of?
pg. 11
53
Who would influence Hitler to be anticapitalist, anti liberal, and racist?
pg. 11
54
In what way did Hitler claim Germany lost the war (famous phrase)?
pg. 11
55
Where did Hitler write his autobiography? What was this called?
pg. 11
56
Hitler's nickname:
pg. 11
57
What would immensely help Hitler and the NAZI Party win popularity?
-How so?
pg. 11-12
58
In what year did the NAZI party become the largest party in the Reichstag?
pg. 12
59
The NAZI party appealed to the German ____
| Gregor Strasser significance:
pg. 12
60
Describe how the democracy for the Weimar Republic broke down in 1930:
- Paul von Hindenberg's role:
- Heinrich Bruning's role:
- What did he specifically do to lose support?
pg. 12
61
In what year did Hitler come to power, and how exactly did this occur?
pg. 12
62
Describe the Reichstag burning incident; how did Hitler respond to it?
pg. 12
63
Enabling Act:
pg. 12
64
In what ways was Germany a one-party? state under Hitler?
pg. 12
65
In relation to the German economy, what was outlawed and abolished under Hitler?
pg. 13
66
Describe the SA-SS incident Hitler participated in:
pg. 13
67
Explain what exactly the SS and Gestapo are; who is the leader of the SS?
pg. 13
68
German-Jewish relationship
- Nuremberg Laws:
- Kristallnacht:
pg. 13
69
Describe how Hitler pulled Germany out of the Great Depression:
- What were implemented?
- Hjalmar Schacht's role:
- What dropped steadily?
- How did this help Hitler?
pg. 13
70
Describe the social situation in Germany for all non-Jews, Slavs, Gypsies, Jehovah Witnesses, communists, and homosexuals
pg. 13
71
In what ways did Hitler bring/not bring about a social revolution?
pg. 14
72
Talk about German resistance to Hitler; what success did they have, who was involved?
pg. 14
73
What was the guiding principle of Hitler? (Two key things)
pg. 14
74
Who was in the "Grand Alliance?" Who coined the term?
pg. 14
75
What was Hitler's policy early on, and how did he hide this from Western Powers?
pg. 14
76
What did the Western Powers do after Hitler declared the "unequal" disarmament clauses of the Treaty of Versailles null and void? What else had he done shortly before that upset them?
pg. 14
77
Talk about Britain's policy of appeasement;
- What exactly is it?
- 1st step:
- 2nd step
pg. 14
78
Where was it that France and the Western powers failed to call Hitler's "bluff?"
pg. 14
79
Why did British appeasement last far into 1939?
pg. 15
80
Describe the Mussolini-Ethiopia incident:
- What did Mussolini do?
- How did other nations respond?
- What did this result in in relation to Germany?
pg. 15
81
What happened with Mussolini and Hitler and the Spanish Civil War?
pg. 15
82
What was Hitler's "real plan" and what was his fake plan that he told to British Prime Minister ______? When did he commence with this plan and how?
pg. 15
83
What happened at the Munich conference? What did the British Prime Minister proclaim afterwards?
pg. 15
84
Nazi-Soviet nonaggression pact; what were the terms and what not?
pg. 15
85
On what date and in what way did WW2 begin?
pg. 15
86
What was the German blitzkrieg, and where did Hitler use this?
pg. 16
87
Dunkirk incident; describe what happened
pg. 16
88
What was the Vichy government? Who lead it, and why was it implemented?
pg. 16
89
Describe the progression of the Battle of Britain; how did it start, what mistake would Hitler make, who won out and why, and its lasting significance
pg. 16
90
When did Hitler turn on the USSR, and did this gamble succeed or fail?
pg. 16
91
Pearl Harbor incident:
- Japan's role:
- Germany's role afterwards:
- What this meant for the U.S.:
pg. 16
92
What was the "New Order" based off of? Give details: Who was treated well/badly, what was ultimately the dream, etc.
pg. 16
93
Did the SS or Himmler ever turn on Hitler?
pg. 17
94
What was the "final solution?"
pg. 17
95
What was the most famous Nazi death camp, and how many people were killed daily here?
pg. 17
96
What 3 policies strengthened the Grand Alliance?
pg. 17
97
What were the strengths for the U.S. in the Grand Alliance, and how did they help the USSR and Britain with this strength? What were the strengths of the Soviets and British?
pg. 18
98
What was the nickname of WW2 in the USSR?
pg. 18
99
Who led the underground resistance?
pg. 18
100
Give the French example of the established government-in-exile in London-who led this, what was it called?
pg. 18
101
Describe the German invasion of Stalingrad; how did the Soviets respond, and who won out in the end and how so?
pg. 18
102
Describe the Pacific theater of war; in what two key battles did the Americans defeat the Japanese in and what key tactic was used to further defeat the Japanese?
pg. 18
103
What was the "Greater Asian Co-prosperity Sphere?"
pg. 18
104
Describe the North Africa campaign; what happened at the Battle of El Alamein?
pg. 19
105
Describe the Italian campaign; what was Mussolini's fate?
pg. 19
106
How did Germany implement a total war effort in 1942?
pg. 19
107
Invasion of Normandy:
- Exact Date:
- Describe what happened:
- Famous general:
pg. 19
108
What would end the European theater of war and the Pacific theater of war?
pg. 19
