Chapter 16 Flashcards
arteriosclerosis
hardening and loss of elasticity of arteries
artherosclerosis
build up of fatty plaques in arteries that leads to narrowing and reduced blood flow
peripheral vascular disease
blood vessels become restricted or blocked usually as a result of atherosclerosis
obesity
subcutaneous fat exceeding the lean muscle body mass
diabetes
chronic metabolic disorder caused by insulin deficiency which impairs carbohydrate usage and enhances fat and protein usage
hypertension
elevated arterial blood pressure if sustained at high levels, will induce cardiovascular or end organ damage
valsalva maneuver
a person tries to exhale forcibly with a closed glottis (windpipe) so no air exits through the nose or mouth For ex. lifting a heavy weight - impedes the return of blood to the heart
osteopenia
a decrease in the calcification or density of bone as well as reduced bone mass
osteoporosis
decrease in bone mass and density, increase in space between bones resulting in porosity and agility
arthritis
chronic inflammation of the joints
osteoarthritis
cartilage becomes soft frayed or thins out as a result of trauma or other conditions
rheumatoid arthritis
affecting connective tissues, thickening of articular soft tissue and extension of synovial fluid over articular cartilages that have become eroded
cancer
various types of malignant neoplasms that invade surrounding tissues may metastasize to several sites and are likely to recur after attempted removal and cause death
restrictive lung tissue
decreased ability to expand the lungs
chronic obstructive lung disease
altered air flow through the lungs caused by airway obstruction as a result of mucous production
intermittent claudication
a manifestation of the symptoms caused by peripheral aerial disease
peripheral arterial disease
narrowing of major arteries responsible for supplying blood to major arteries
