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NEUROANATOMY 3rd > CHAPTER 16 > Flashcards

CHAPTER 16 Flashcards

1
Q 
1.	Which of the following thalamic nuclei has
a motor function?
(A)	Lateral dorsal nucleus
(B)	Mediodorsal nucleus
(C)	Ventral lateral nucleus
(D)	Ventral posterior nucleus
(E)	Lateral posterior nucleus
A

l-C. The ventral lateral nucleus receives motor input from the extrapyramidal (striatal) motor
system (globus pallidus and substantia nigra) and from the cerebellum (dentate nucleus).

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2
Q 
2.	Spinothalamic fibers project to which of the
following thalamic nuclei?
(A)	Ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus
(B)	Pulvinar
(C)	Ventral anterior nucleus
(D)	Ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus
(E)	Anterior nucleus
A

2-D. Spinothalamic fibers project to the ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus, which receives the
medial lemniscus.

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3
Q 
3.	Cerebellar fibers project to which of the fol-
lowing thalamic nuclei?
(A)	Ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus
(B)	Lateral dorsal nucleus
(C)	Lateral posterior nucleus
(D)	Ventral lateral nucleus
(E)	Anterior nucleus
A

3-D. Cerebellar fibers (dentatocerebellar) project to the ventral lateral and ventral posterolat-
eral (VPL) nuclei, which project to the motor cortex (area 4).

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4
Q
  1. The globus pallidus projects to which set of
    thalamic nuclei?
    (A) Centromedian, ventral anterior, and ven-
    tral lateral nuclei
    (B) Ventral anterior, ventral lateral, and an-
    terior nuclei
    (C) Ventral lateral, lateral dorsal, and lateral
    posterior nuclei
    (D) Mediodorsal, ventral posterolateral (VPL),
    and ventral posteromedial (VPM) nuclei
    (E) Centromedian, lateral dorsal, and lateral
    ventral nuclei
A

4-A. The globus pallidus, a nucleus of the extrapyramidal (striatal) motor system, projects to
three thalamic nuclei: the centromedian, the ventral anterior, and the ventral lateral nuclei of
the thalamus.

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5
Q 
5.	The thalamus receives precortical sensory
input from all of the following modalities EX-
CEPT
(A)	general somatic sense
(B)	gustation
(C)	vision
(D)	audition
(E)	olfaction
A

5-E. The thalamus receives precortical input from all sensory systems except the olfactory sys-
tem. The olfactory pathway reaches the primary olfactory cortex (prepiriform and periamyg-
daloid cortex) without a relay in the thalamus.

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6
Q
  1. All of the following statements concerning
    the mediodorsal nucleus are correct EXCEPT
    (A) it receives input from the amygdaloid nu-
    cleus
    (B) it receives input from the intralaminar
    nuclei
    (C) it is part of the limbic system
    (D) it is part of the extrapyramidal motor sys-
    tem
    (E) it has reciprocal connections with the pre-
    frontal cortex
A

6-D. The mediodorsal nucleus plays an important role in the expression of affect, emotion, and
behavior. It is a limbic structure and is not a part of the extrapyramidal motor system.

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7
Q
  1. All of the following statements concerning
    the lateral geniculate body (LGB) are correct
    EXCEPT
    (A) it projects to the lingual gyrus
    (B) it projects to the cuneus
    (C) it receives input from the retina
    (D) it receives input from the lateral lemnis-
    cus
    (E) it receives its blood supply from the ante-
    rior choroidal artery
A

7-D. The lateral geniculate body (LGB) receives input from the retina and projects to the visual
cortex (lingual gyrus and cuneus). It is irrigated by the anterior choroidal artery and the poste-
rior cerebral artery (thalamogeniculate arteries). The lateral lemniscus is an auditory pathway.

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8
Q
  1. All of the following statements concerning
    the pulvinar are correct EXCEPT
    (A) it is the largest nucleus of the thalamus
    (B) it receives input from the visual associa-
    tion cortex
    (C) it receives input from the superior collicu-
    lus
    (D) it has reciprocal connections with the
    parietal association cortex
    (E) a lesion results in a contralateral hemi-
    anopia
A

E. The pulvinar, the largest nucleus of the thalamus, is a dorsal tier nucleus and has recipro-
cal connections with the visual association cortex (areas 18 and 19). The pulvinar is reciprocally
connected with the parietal association cortex (areas 39 and 40). It also receives input from the
superior colliculus and the pretectal area. Destruction of the pulvinar does not result in a visual
field deficit (hemianopia).

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9
Q 
9.	Infarction of the right internal capsule
could result in all of the following defects EX-
CEPT
(A)	left hypesthesia
(B)	right homonymous hemianopia
(C)	left facial weakness
(D)	tongue deviates to left side
(E)	plantar reflex extensor on left side
A

9-B. Infarction of the right internal capsule could result in a left homonymous hemianopia.

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10
Q 
10.	A capsular stroke is most commonly
caused by occlusion of which of the following
arteries?
(A)	Anterior cerebral artery
(B)	Recurrent artery of Heubner
(C)	Lateral striate arteries
(D)	Posterior communicating artery
(E)	Direct branches of the internal carotid
artery
A

10-C. A capsular stroke is most commonly caused by occlusion of the lateral striate branches of
the middle cerebral artery.

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11
Q 
The response options for items 11-16 are the
same. You will be required to select one answer
for each item in the set.
(A)	Anterior nucleus
(B)	Centromedian nucleus
(C)	Lateral geniculate nucleus
(D)	Mediodorsal nucleus
(E)	Pulvinar
(F)	Ventral anterior nucleus
(G)	Ventral lateral nucleus
(H)	Ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus
(I)	Ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus
Match each of the following descriptions with
the appropriate thalamic nucleus.
11.	Receives input from the ipsilateral central
tegmental tract
A

11-1. The ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus receives taste input via the ipsilateral central
tegmental tract. The VPM nucleus receives sensory input from the head and oral cavity.

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12
Q 
The response options for items 11-16 are the
same. You will be required to select one answer
for each item in the set.
(A)	Anterior nucleus
(B)	Centromedian nucleus
(C)	Lateral geniculate nucleus
(D)	Mediodorsal nucleus
(E)	Pulvinar
(F)	Ventral anterior nucleus
(G)	Ventral lateral nucleus
(H)	Ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus
(I)	Ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus
Match each of the following descriptions with
the appropriate thalamic nucleus.
  1. Has reciprocal connections with the infe-
    rior parietal lobule
A

12-E. The pulvinar, the largest thalamic nucleus, has reciprocal connections with the inferior
parietal lobule.

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13
Q 
The response options for items 11-16 are the
same. You will be required to select one answer
for each item in the set.
(A)	Anterior nucleus
(B)	Centromedian nucleus
(C)	Lateral geniculate nucleus
(D)	Mediodorsal nucleus
(E)	Pulvinar
(F)	Ventral anterior nucleus
(G)	Ventral lateral nucleus
(H)	Ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus
(I)	Ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus
Match each of the following descriptions with
the appropriate thalamic nucleus.
13.	Receives input from the contralateral lat-
eral spinothalamic tract
t
A

13-H. The ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus receives input from the contralateral lateral
spinothalamic tract.

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14
Q 
The response options for items 11-16 are the
same. You will be required to select one answer
for each item in the set.
(A)	Anterior nucleus
(B)	Centromedian nucleus
(C)	Lateral geniculate nucleus
(D)	Mediodorsal nucleus
(E)	Pulvinar
(F)	Ventral anterior nucleus
(G)	Ventral lateral nucleus
(H)	Ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus
(I)	Ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus
Match each of the following descriptions with
the appropriate thalamic nucleus.
14.	Projects to the putamen
A

14-B. The centromedian nucleus projects to the putamen; this thalamic nucleus also has recip-
rocal connections with the motor cortex.

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15
Q 
The response options for items 11-16 are the
same. You will be required to select one answer
for each item in the set.
(A)	Anterior nucleus
(B)	Centromedian nucleus
(C)	Lateral geniculate nucleus
(D)	Mediodorsal nucleus
(E)	Pulvinar
(F)	Ventral anterior nucleus
(G)	Ventral lateral nucleus
(H)	Ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus
(I)	Ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus
Match each of the following descriptions with
the appropriate thalamic nucleus.
15.	Receives the dentatothalamic tract
A

15-G. The ventral lateral nucleus receives contralateral cerebellar input via the dentatothala-
mic tract.

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16
Q 
The response options for items 11-16 are the
same. You will be required to select one answer
for each item in the set.
(A)	Anterior nucleus
(B)	Centromedian nucleus
(C)	Lateral geniculate nucleus
(D)	Mediodorsal nucleus
(E)	Pulvinar
(F)	Ventral anterior nucleus
(G)	Ventral lateral nucleus
(H)	Ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus
(I)	Ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus
Match each of the following descriptions with
the appropriate thalamic nucleus.
16.	Plays a role in the expression of affect,
emotion, and behavior (limbic function)
A

16-D. The mediodorsal nucleus plays a role in the expression of affect, emotion, and behavior
(limbic function). It receives input from the amygdala and has reciprocal connections with the
prefrontal cortex. Lesions of the mediodorsal nucleus are found in patients with the Korsakoff
amnestic state.

17
Q

The response options for items 17—21 are the
same. You will be required to select one answer
for each item in the set.
(A) Anterior nucleus
(B) Ventral lateral nucleus
(C) Medial geniculate (nucleus) body
(D) Ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus
(E) Ventral posteroinferior (VPI) nucleus
Match each pathway with the appropriate nu-
cleus to which it gives input.
17. Brachium of the inferior colliculus

A

17-C. The medial geniculate body receives auditory input via the brachium of the inferior col-
liculus.

18
Q

The response options for items 17—21 are the
same. You will be required to select one answer
for each item in the set.
(A) Anterior nucleus
(B) Ventral lateral nucleus
(C) Medial geniculate (nucleus) body
(D) Ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus
(E) Ventral posteroinferior (VPI) nucleus
Match each pathway with the appropriate nu-
cleus to which it gives input.
18. Thalamic fasciculus (H^)

A

18-B. The ventral lateral nucleus receives input from the globus pallidus via the thalamic fas-
ciculus (Hj).

19
Q

The response options for items 17—21 are the
same. You will be required to select one answer
for each item in the set.
(A) Anterior nucleus
(B) Ventral lateral nucleus
(C) Medial geniculate (nucleus) body
(D) Ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus
(E) Ventral posteroinferior (VPI) nucleus
Match each pathway with the appropriate nu-
cleus to which it gives input.
19. Mamillothalamic tract

A

19-A. The anterior nucleus receives input from the mamillary nuclei via the mamillothalamic
tract. This is a major link in the Papez circuit.

20
Q

The response options for items 17—21 are the
same. You will be required to select one answer
for each item in the set.
(A) Anterior nucleus
(B) Ventral lateral nucleus
(C) Medial geniculate (nucleus) body
(D) Ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus
(E) Ventral posteroinferior (VPI) nucleus
Match each pathway with the appropriate nu-
cleus to which it gives input.

  1. Dentatothalamic tract
A

20-B. The ventral lateral nucleus receives cerebellar input from the dentate nucleus via the den-
tatothalamic tract.

21
Q

The response options for items 17—21 are the
same. You will be required to select one answer
for each item in the set.
(A) Anterior nucleus
(B) Ventral lateral nucleus
(C) Medial geniculate (nucleus) body
(D) Ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus
(E) Ventral posteroinferior (VPI) nucleus
Match each pathway with the appropriate nu-
cleus to which it gives input.
21. Gustatory (taste) pathway

A

21-D. The ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus receives special visceral afferent (SVA; taste)
fibers from the central tegmental tract.

NEUROANATOMY 3rd (29 decks)

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