CHAPTER 1 Flashcards
- The telencephalon includes all of the follow-
ing structures EXCEPT the
(A) thalamus
(B) cerebral hemispheres
(C) globus pallidus
(D) caudate nucleus
(E) internal capsule
l-A. The telencephalon contains the cerebral hemispheres, which contain the cerebral cortex and white matter, the basal ganglia (caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, and amygdaloid nucleus), and the lateral ventricles. The thalamus is a part of the diencephalon.
- The mesencephalon includes all of the fol-
lowing structures EXCEPT the
(A) cerebral peduncle
(B) cerebral aqueduct
(C) inferior colliculus
(D) pineal body
(E) oculomotor nerve
2-D. The mesencephalon (or midbrain) includes the cerebral peduncles, the superior and infe-
rior colliculi, the oculomotor nerves, and the cerebral aqueduct. The pineal body (epiphysis cere-
bri) is a part of the epithalamus.
- The frontal lobe includes all of the following
areas EXCEPT the
(A) Wernicke speech area
(B) motor strip (area 4)
(C) precentral gyrus
(D) Broca speech area
(E) center controlling eye movements
3-A. The frontal lobe includes the motor strip, which is the precentral gyrus (area 4), and the
Broca speech area in the dominant hemisphere (areas 44 and 45). The frontal eye field (area 8)
lies in the middle frontal gyrus. The Wernicke speech area (area 22) lies in the posterior part of
the superior temporal gyrus of the temporal lobe.
- All of the following statements concerning
the cerebellum are correct EXCEPT
(A) it is found in the posterior cranial fossa
(B) it is part of the brainstem
(C) it is separated from the occipital lobes by
the tentorium cerebelli
(D) it has three lobes
(E) it has a tonsil
4-B. The cerebellum is found below the tentorium cerebelli in the posterior cranial fossa. It has
three lobes: anterior, posterior, and flocculonodular. It has a tonsil that rests on the foramen mag-
num. It is not a part of the brainstem, which includes the midbrain, pons, and medulla.
- The parietal lobe contains all of the follow-
ing structures EXCEPT the
(A) angular gyrus
(B) sensory strip (areas 3, 1, and 2)
(C) supramarginal gyrus
(D) primary auditory cortex
(E) precuneus
Questions 6-10
Match the descriptions in items 6-10 with the appropriate lettered structure shown in the Tl-
weighted magnetic resonance image (MRI) of the coronal section of the brain.
- Lies within the cavernous sinus
- Lies within the sella turcica
- Is part of the striatum
- Is part of the limbic lobe
- Lies within a cistern
6-D. The carotid artery lies within the cavernous sinus, in company with CN III, CN IV, CN
V-l, CNV-2, and CNVI.
7-E. The hypophysis (pituitary gland) is found in the hypophyseal fossa of the sella turcica.
8-B. The caudate nucleus is part of the striatum.
9-A. The cingulate gyrus is part of the limbic lobe.
10-C. The optic chiasm lies within the chiasmatic cistern.
Questions 11-15
Match the structure or description in items 11-15 with the appropriate lettered structure shown
in the stained thick section of the brain.
- Has reciprocal connections between the hippocampal formation and the septal nuclei
- Largest nucleus of the diencephalon
- Internal capsule
- Cingulate gyrus
- Caudate nucleus
11-E. The fornix contains fibers from the hippocampal formation and from the septal nuclei, pro-
jects massively to the mamillary nuclei of the hypothalamus, and plays an important part in the
circuit of Papez.
12-C. The pulvinar nucleus is the largest nucleus in the diencephalon.
13-D. The posterior limb of the internal capsule lies between the lentiform nucleus and the thal-
amus. It contains the corticospinal tract and is perfused by the lateral striate arteries of the mid-
dle cerebral artery.
14-A. The cingulate gyrus and its cingulum belong to the limbic system.
15-B. The caudate nucleus and the putamen comprise the striatum, a basal ganglion. In Hunt-
ington disease, massive loss of neurons in the head of the caudate nucleus results in hydro-
cephalus ex vacuo.
