Chapter 16 Flashcards
What are insight therapies?
Therapies that involve dialogue between client and therapist to gain understanding of psychological problems and conflicts.
What do psychodynamic therapies emphasize?
The need to discover and resolve unconscious conflicts.
What is psychoanalysis?
Psychoanalysis is a therapy developed by Sigmund Freud that focuses on uncovering unconscious thoughts, feelings, and memories, often from childhood, to understand and resolve psychological issues. It uses techniques like free association and dream interpretation to explore the mind.
What is free association?
Free association is a technique used in psychoanalysis where a person is encouraged to speak freely about whatever comes to mind, without censorship or judgment. The goal is to uncover unconscious thoughts, feelings, and memories that may be influencing their behavior or emotions.
What is dream analysis?
A technique used in psychoanalysis to interpret dreams for unconscious content.
What can discovering unconscious conflicts lead to?
Discomfort, resistance, and transference.
What is resistance in therapy?
Strategies to keep information from fully manifesting.
What is transference?
Directing emotional experiences towards the therapist.
What is object relations therapy?
A modern psychodynamic therapy influenced by Freud’s work, focusing on how early relationships, particularly with caregivers, shape a person’s current relationships and sense of self. It helps address unhealthy patterns and improve interpersonal dynamics.
What do behavioral therapies focus on?
Changing problem behaviors and thoughts, and the environmental factors that trigger them.
What is systematic desensitization? Vrs Flooding
A step-by-step process of desensitizing a client to a feared object or experience.
Intense and immediate exposure
What is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)?
A therapy that combines cognitive restructuring and behavior modification to treat disorders.
What is mindfulness-based cognitive therapy?
An integration of meditation and CBT that focuses on developing a relationship with oneself.
What is group therapy?
A less expensive form of therapy organized to fit needs and encourages viewing symptoms as influenced by various interacting systems.
What are psychotropic drugs?
What is Psychopharmacotherapy:
Medications designed to alter psychological functioning.
refers to the use of drugs to manage or reduce client’s
symptoms
What are the three types of antidepressants?
- SSRIs: Increase serotonin availability. 2. Tricyclics: Increase serotonin and norepinephrine. 3. MAOIs: Prevent breakdown of neurotransmitters.
What is tardive dyskinesia?
Tardive Dyskinesia is a neurological condition caused by long-term use of certain medications, particularly antipsychotics. It is characterized by involuntary, repetitive movements, often affecting the face (e.g., lip smacking, grimacing) and limbs. It is typically irreversible and requires careful management or medication changes.
What is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)?
A treatment that induces brief brain seizures to alleviate severe depression.
What is the therapeutic alliance?
The collaborative bond between therapist and client, associated with better treatment outcomes.
What is bibliotherapy?
Using self-help books or written materials as therapeutic tools.
What is community psychology?
A field focusing on preventing psychological disorders and promoting mental health through community-based interventions.
What is the blood-brain barrier?
A protective layer that controls which substances can enter the brain.
Clinical Psychologist vs. Counseling Psychologist
• Clinical Psychologist: Focuses on diagnosing and treating severe psychological disorders.
• Counseling Psychologist: Deals with less severe issues, such as relationship problems and life transitions.
Techniques of Psychodynamic Therapy
- Free Association: Saying whatever comes to mind.
- Dream Analysis: Interpreting dreams for unconscious content.
- Transference: Exploring feelings toward the therapist.
- Resistance Analysis: Identifying avoided topics
Phenomenological Approach
• Focuses on understanding a client’s subjective experience.
Aversive Conditioning
• Pairing unwanted behaviors (e.g., smoking) with unpleasant stimuli to reduce the behavior.
Behavioral techniques are therapeutic strategies used to change unhealthy or unwanted behaviors. They focus on observable actions and use learning principles to promote positive changes. Common techniques include:
Flooding: Client is taking directly into the feared situation until anxiety subsides
1. Positive Reinforcement: 2. Negative Reinforcement: 3. Punishment: 4. Systematic Desensitization: Gradual exposure to a feared object or situation while practicing relaxation techniques. • Example: Overcoming fear of spiders step by step. 5. Aversion Therapy: Pairing unwanted behaviors with unpleasant stimuli. /- Counterconditioning: Pairing a conditioned stimulus with a stimulus that elicit a response that is incompatible with an unwanted conditioned response. Unlearning something 6. Modeling: Learning through observing and imitating others. • Example: Watching someone handle social interactions confidently. 7. Behavioral Activation: Encouraging engagement in positive activities to improve mood. • Example: Scheduling enjoyable or meaningful activities for someone with depression.
These techniques are often used in therapies like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).
Antipsychotic Drugs symptoms and side effects
- Symptoms of psychosis, including delusions, hallucinations, and severely disturbed or
disorganized thought - Side effects: muscular rigidity, tremors, involuntary muscle movements like tardive
dyskinesi
