chapter 16

Question 1

delirium

Answer 1

Rapid-onset reduced clarity of consciousness and cognition, with confusion, disorientation, and deficits in memory and language.

Question 2

Major neurocognitive disorder

Answer 2

Gradual deterioration of brain functioning that affects memory, judgment, language, and other advanced cognitive processes.

Question 3

Timmy’s grandmother does not recognize her own home anymore.

Answer 3

agnosia

Question 4

She can no longer form complete, coherent sentences

Answer 4

aphasia

Question 5

She no longer recognizes Timmy when he visits, even though he is her only grandchild

Answer 5

facial agnosia

Question 6

She has trouble walking from a bed to the bathroom.

Answer 6

apraxia

Question 7

she has trouble walking from a bed to the bathroom

Answer 7

apraxia

Question 8

Vascular neurocognitive disorder

Answer 8

Progressive brain disorder involving loss of cognitive functioning, caused by blockage of blood flow to the brain, that appears concurrently with other neurological signs and symptoms.

Question 9

Pick’s disease

Answer 9

Very rare neurological disorder that results in presenile (early onset) dementia.

Question 10

Very rare neurological disorder that results in presenile (early onset) dementia.

Answer 10

Very rare neurological disorder that results in presenile (early onset) dementia.

Question 11

neurocognitive disorder due to Parkinson’s disease

Answer 11

Disorder characterized by progressive decline in motor movements; results from damage to dopamine pathways.

Question 12

human immunodeficiency virus-type-1

Answer 12

Virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and can also cause neurocognitive disorder.

Question 13

acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Answer 13

Final stage of disease caused by HIV, which attacks and destroys the immune system.

Question 14

Huntington’s disease

Answer 14

Genetic disorder marked by involuntary limb movements and progressing to dementia.
PREV

Question 15

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Answer 15

Extremely rare condition that causes dementia.

Question 16

Julian is recovering from long-term alcohol misuse. When asked about his wild adventures as a young man, his stories usually end quickly because he can’t remember the whole tale. He even has to write down things he has to do in a notebook; otherwise, he’s likely to forget

Answer 16

substance-induced neurocognitive disorder

Question 17

substance/medication-induced neurocognitive disorder

Answer 17

Brain damage caused by prolonged use of drugs, often in combination with a poor diet.

Question 18

Mr. Brown has suffered from a number of strokes but can still care for himself. His ability to remember important things, however, has been declining steadily for the past few years.

Answer 18

vascular neurocognitive disorder

Question 19

A decline in cognitive functioning that is gradual and continuous and has been associated with neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques.

Answer 19

neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer’s disease

Question 20

What makes neurocognitive disorder different?

Answer 20

They present later in life as opposed to other disorders which have much earlier onsets or are present at birth

Question 21

what are two major indicators of delirium?

Answer 21

impairments in speech and memory

Question 22

What are some other factors associated with delirium? (3)

Answer 22

age, sleep deprivation, excessive stress

Question 23

What is the first step of delirium treatment?

Answer 23

to find the underlying cause, (ex; if it’s withdrawal then the treatment will coincide with withdrawal treatment)

Question 24

How do family play a part in the treatment of delirium?

Answer 24

having a family member included in the treatment process has shown to help greatly, even pictures or personal belongings can help

Question 25

What is the difference between major and mild neurocognitive disorder?

Answer 25

mild is the early stages of cognitive decline, people with mild can function on a day to day with the proper accommodations

Question 26

What are some common causes of mild and major neurocognitive disorder? (6)

Answer 26

infectious disease (HIV & Syphilis), head injury, poisonous substances, parkinson’s, huntington’s, alzheimers (most common)

Question 27

What is the sex ratio for neurocognitive disorders?

Answer 27

2/3 are women

Question 28

neurocognitive disorder with Alzheimers affects what? (4)

Answer 28

neurocognitive disorder with Alzheimers affects what? (4)
Explain this

memory, orientation, judgment and reasoning

Question 29

How do people with neurocognitive disorder with alzheimer process new information?

Answer 29

badly, they have trouble making connections, forget events and objects

Question 30

what is vascular neurocognitive disorder?

Answer 30

very debilitating second only to alzheimers, when blood vessels cannot adequately carry oxygen which results in brain damage, patients often have strokes that precede their diagnosis

Question 31

what is neurocognitive disorder due to Lewy body disease?

Answer 31

Lewy bodies are deposits of a protein that damages brain cells over time

Question 32

what is neurocognitive disorder due to parkinson’s?

Answer 32

Parkinson’s affects motor skills, these could be slow movements or tremors, weakened voice skills

Question 33

What do genes tell us about the likelihood of developing alzheimers?

Answer 33

deterministic genes tell that we will 100% develop alzheimers eventually, susceptibility genes tell us that our risk of development is increased

Question 34

Since “getting better” with neurocognitive disorder is not really a thing, what are the goal of researchers when looking for treatments ? (3

Answer 34

1- prevention, 2 - delay onset, 3 - help family cope with deterioration

Question 35

Delirium is typically

Answer 35

A temporary state of confusion and disorientation

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a common consequence of neurocognitive disorders?

Answer 36

Full recovery of cognitive abilities

Question 37

Which of the following is true regarding treatment for irreversible neurocognitive disorders?

Answer 37

There is no effective treatment for Alzheimer’s or other similar neurocognitive disorders.

Question 38

Mild neurocognitive disorder involves significant interference with a person’s daily life.

Answer 38

true

Question 39

Lewy bodies, vascular disease, and Huntington’s disease can all cause irreversible neurocognitive disorders.

Answer 39

true

Question 40

Delirium is always caused by brain trauma or drug intoxication.

Answer 40

false

Question 41

Families and caregivers of individuals with neurocognitive disorders often experience stress as a result of behavioral changes in the patient.

Answer 41

true