Chapter 15 - Union-Management Relations

Question 1

Define “Union”.

Answer 1

-A formal association of workers that promotes the interests of its members through collective action.
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Question 2

Define “Yellow Dog Contracts”.

Answer 2

-Pledges by workers not to join a labor union.

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Question 3

Define “Protected Concerned Activities”.

Answer 3

-Actions taken by employees working together to try to improve their pay and working conditions, with or without a union.
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Question 4

Define “Unfair Labor Practices”.

Answer 4

-Actions that employers are legally prohibited from taking to prevent employees from unionizing.
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Question 5

Define “Right-to-Work Laws”.

Answer 5

-State laws that prohibit requiring employees to join unions as a condition of obtaining or continuing employment.
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Question 6

Define “Open Shop”.

Answer 6

-Employer in which workers are not required to join or pay dues to a union.
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Question 7

Define “Closed Shop”.

Answer 7

-Employer that requires individuals to join a union before they can be hired.
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Question 8

Define “Microunit”.

Answer 8

Bargaining unit that includes only one job category or department within a company.
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Question 9

Define “No-solicitation Policy”.

Answer 9

-Policy that restricts employees and outsiders from distributing literature or soliciting union membership on company premises.
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Question 10

Define “Salting”.

Answer 10

-Practice in which unions hire and pay people to apply for jobs at certain companies to begin organizing efforts.
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Question 11

Defin “Union Authorization Card”.

Answer 11

-Card signed by employees to designate a union as their collective bargaining agent.
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Question 12

Define “Bargaining Unit”.

Answer 12

-Employees eligible to select a single union to represent and bargain collectively for them.
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Question 13

Define “Decertification”.

Answer 13

-Process whereby a union is removed as the representative of a group of employees.
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Question 14

Define “Collective Bargaining”.

Answer 14

-Process whereby representatives of management and workers negotiate over wages, hours, and other terms and conditions of employment.
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Question 15

Define “Management Rights”.

Answer 15

-Rights reserved so that the employer can manage, direct, and control its business.
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Question 16

Define “Union Security Provisions”.

Answer 16

-Contract clauses to help the union obtain and retain members and collect union dues.
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Question 17

Define “Due Checkoff Clause”.

Answer 17

-Provides for the automatic deduction of union dues from the payroll checks of union members, thus enabling employers to transfer dues to unions through one comprehensive payment.
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Question 18

Define “Mandatory Issues”.

Answer 18

-Negotiation topics and collective bargaining issues identified specifically by labor laws or court decisions as subject to bargaining.
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Question 19

Define “Permissive Issues”.

Answer 19

-Collective bargaining issues that are not required but might relate to certain jobs or practices.
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Question 20

Define “Illegal Issues”.

Answer 20

-Collective bargaining issues that would require either party to take illegal action.
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Question 21

Define “Ratification”.

Answer 21

-Process by which union members vote to accept the terms of a negotiated labor agreement.
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Question 22

Define “Conciliation”.

Answer 22

-Process by which a 3rd party facilitates the dialogue between union and management negotiators to reach a voluntary settlement.
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Question 23

Define “Mediation”.

Answer 23

-Process by which a 3rd party suggests ideas to help the negotiators reach a settlement.
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Question 24

Define “Arbitration”.

Answer 24

-Process the uses a neutral 3rd party to make a decision.

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Question 25

Define “Lockout”.

Answer 25

-Management shuts down company operations to prevent union members from working.
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Question 26

Define “Strike”.

Answer 26

-Union members refuse to work in order to put pressure on an employer.
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Question 27

Define “Affinity Groups”.

Answer 27

-Groups for employees who share a common interest or characteristic.
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Question 28

Define “Complaint”.

Answer 28

-Indication of employee dissatisfaction.

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Question 29

Define “Grievance”.

Answer 29

-Complaint formally stated in writing.

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Question 30

Define “Grievance Arbitration”.

Answer 30

-Means by which a third party settles disputes arising from different or conflicting interpretations of a labor contract.
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