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Physics AS 1 > Chapter 15- Transmission And Reflection Of Waves > Flashcards

Chapter 15- Transmission And Reflection Of Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

Method of energy transfer activity

A

Using trolleys connected with springs

Energy pulse to one is transferred to all

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2
Q

Speed of sound in air (at 20*)

A

340 m/s

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3
Q

Experiment to find speed of sound in air

A

Using two beam oscilloscope
And a signal generator

Microphone will pick up sounds from speaker and these oscillations will compare to the ones from the speaker itself
Phase difference combined with physical distance will show speed of sound

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4
Q

Transverse waves model uses

A

Model of masses connected by springs and the resolution of forces

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5
Q

The pulse moves along the masses with a speed dependent on …

A

Magnitude of the masses

Tension in the springs

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6
Q

Speed of transverse wave eq

A

C= square root (tension in wire/mass per unit length)

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7
Q

Electromagnetic waves through a vacuum speed

A

3x10^8 m/s

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8
Q

Intensity eq

A

Intensity = power/ area

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9
Q

When a wave is incident on an interface between two different media, the energy may be

A

Absorbed
Transmitted
Or reflected

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10
Q

Law of reflection def

A

States that the angle between the INCIDENT ray and the NORMAL drawn at the point of REFLECTION
Is equal to
The angle between the REFLECTED EA and the NORMAL in the plane of reflection

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11
Q

Wavefront

A

Line or surface in a wave along which all the points are in phase

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12
Q

Refraction is caused by

A

Change in wave speed between two media

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13
Q

When speed is increased

A

Path of waves is directed away from the NORMAL

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14
Q

When the wave speed is decreased

A

The path of the waves is deviated towards the NORMAL

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15
Q

In shallow water wave speed is

A

Slower than in deep water

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16
Q

In deep water wave speed is

A

Faster than in shallow water

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17
Q

In a denser medium

A

Light travels more slowly

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18
Q

In a less dense medium

A

Light travels faster

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19
Q

Light and glass

Which is more dense?

A

Light is

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20
Q

Refractive index eq

A

Refractive index from medium 1 to medium 2 =

Speed in medium 1/ speed in medium 2

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21
Q

What is Snell’s law

A

States that the refractive index for a wave travelling from one medium to another is given by the expression

Sin[]1/ sin[]2 = v1/ v2 = 1n2

N1 Sin[]1= N2 Sin[]2

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22
Q

Does refraction occur for all waves?

A

YES

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23
Q

Critical angle def

A

Angle above which total internal reflection occurs

24
Q

Snells law simple

A

N1/n2 = sin[]2 / sin[]1

25
Q

Critical angle eq

A

Sin C= n2/ n1

26
Q

Converging lens shape

A

()

27
Q

Diverging lens shape

A

)(

28
Q

Focal point def

A

Point of a lens is the point where parallel rays of light will meet, or appear to diverge from, after passing through the lens

29
Q

Converging lens form a

A

Real focus

30
Q

Diverging lens form a

A

Virtual focus

31
Q

Focal length

A

Distance between optical centre of the lens and the focal point

32
Q

Power of a lens relates to

A

The ability of the lens to deviate rays of light through large angles

33
Q

The more powerful a lens

A

The shorter the focal length

34
Q

Power of lens eq

A

1/ focal length (m)

35
Q

Power of lens unit

A

Dioptre

M^-1

36
Q

Total power calculated by

A

The sum of all the lenses

37
Q

Types of image created (2)

A

Virtual

Real

38
Q

Principle axis

A

A line that passes normally through the optical centre of the lens

39
Q

Optical centre

A

The centre of a lens is the point through which rays of light will pass without deviation

40
Q

The lens equation

A

1/u + 1/v = 1/f

All distances given positive values if real images formed

Converging = positive value focal length 
Diverging = negative value focal length
41
Q

Key words to describe reflected images

A

Enlarged, smaller

Real, virtual

Inverted, erect

42
Q

Plane polarised waves def

A

Are transverse waves in which the oscillations occur in a single plane

43
Q

Polarised waves can only work for oscillations in

A

One direction

Horizontal or vertical

44
Q

Polarising filter

A

Filters waves in certain oscillation decoration

45
Q

Longitudinal waves cannot be polarised because

A

The waves have particles that have no components of oscillations in the planes perpendicular to the direction

46
Q

How to polarise microwaves using transmitter

A

Turn receiver 90* rotation to polarise microwaves or radio waves

47
Q

How is a light polarisation filter made

A

Made from polymers

With the molecular chains aligned in one direction

48
Q

Stress analysis how

A

Put load-bearing components under stress
View through crossed sheets of Polaroid
Multicoloured interference stress patterns analysed to detect potential regions of weakness

49
Q

A scans abbreviated from

A

Amplitude scans

50
Q

B scans abbreviated from

A

Brightness scans

51
Q

Pulse- echo techniques

A

Used to calculate speed of sound
And then to help medicine and scans for things
As well as in underwater exploration

52
Q

What to remember about distance with pulse echo techniques

A

The distance is doubled in the experience

53
Q

Type of electromagnetic wave used in pulse echo techniques

A

Ultrasound

54
Q

Amplitude scans used to

A

Determine depth of boundaries between tissues or bone and tissue

Coupling gel needed so very little is reflected from the skin

55
Q

Brightness scans used to

A

Detect position of reflecting boundary

They give a display/ image

Physics AS 1 (10 decks)

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