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Chapter 15- Transmission And Reflection Of Waves Flashcards

(55 cards)

1
Q

Method of energy transfer activity

A

Using trolleys connected with springs

Energy pulse to one is transferred to all

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2
Q

Speed of sound in air (at 20*)

A

340 m/s

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3
Q

Experiment to find speed of sound in air

A

Using two beam oscilloscope
And a signal generator

Microphone will pick up sounds from speaker and these oscillations will compare to the ones from the speaker itself
Phase difference combined with physical distance will show speed of sound

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4
Q

Transverse waves model uses

A

Model of masses connected by springs and the resolution of forces

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5
Q

The pulse moves along the masses with a speed dependent on …

A

Magnitude of the masses

Tension in the springs

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6
Q

Speed of transverse wave eq

A

C= square root (tension in wire/mass per unit length)

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7
Q

Electromagnetic waves through a vacuum speed

A

3x10^8 m/s

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8
Q

Intensity eq

A

Intensity = power/ area

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9
Q

When a wave is incident on an interface between two different media, the energy may be

A

Absorbed
Transmitted
Or reflected

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10
Q

Law of reflection def

A

States that the angle between the INCIDENT ray and the NORMAL drawn at the point of REFLECTION
Is equal to
The angle between the REFLECTED EA and the NORMAL in the plane of reflection

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11
Q

Wavefront

A

Line or surface in a wave along which all the points are in phase

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12
Q

Refraction is caused by

A

Change in wave speed between two media

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13
Q

When speed is increased

A

Path of waves is directed away from the NORMAL

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14
Q

When the wave speed is decreased

A

The path of the waves is deviated towards the NORMAL

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15
Q

In shallow water wave speed is

A

Slower than in deep water

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16
Q

In deep water wave speed is

A

Faster than in shallow water

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17
Q

In a denser medium

A

Light travels more slowly

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18
Q

In a less dense medium

A

Light travels faster

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19
Q

Light and glass

Which is more dense?

A

Light is

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20
Q

Refractive index eq

A

Refractive index from medium 1 to medium 2 =

Speed in medium 1/ speed in medium 2

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21
Q

What is Snell’s law

A

States that the refractive index for a wave travelling from one medium to another is given by the expression

Sin[]1/ sin[]2 = v1/ v2 = 1n2

N1 Sin[]1= N2 Sin[]2

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22
Q

Does refraction occur for all waves?

A

YES

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23
Q

Critical angle def

A

Angle above which total internal reflection occurs

24
Q

Snells law simple

A

N1/n2 = sin[]2 / sin[]1

25
Critical angle eq
Sin C= n2/ n1
26
Converging lens shape
()
27
Diverging lens shape
)(
28
Focal point def
Point of a lens is the point where parallel rays of light will meet, or appear to diverge from, after passing through the lens
29
Converging lens form a
Real focus
30
Diverging lens form a
Virtual focus
31
Focal length
Distance between optical centre of the lens and the focal point
32
Power of a lens relates to
The ability of the lens to deviate rays of light through large angles
33
The more powerful a lens
The shorter the focal length
34
Power of lens eq
1/ focal length (m)
35
Power of lens unit
Dioptre M^-1
36
Total power calculated by
The sum of all the lenses
37
Types of image created (2)
Virtual | Real
38
Principle axis
A line that passes normally through the optical centre of the lens
39
Optical centre
The centre of a lens is the point through which rays of light will pass without deviation
40
The lens equation
1/u + 1/v = 1/f All distances given positive values if real images formed ``` Converging = positive value focal length Diverging = negative value focal length ```
41
Key words to describe reflected images
Enlarged, smaller Real, virtual Inverted, erect
42
Plane polarised waves def
Are transverse waves in which the oscillations occur in a single plane
43
Polarised waves can only work for oscillations in
One direction | Horizontal or vertical
44
Polarising filter
Filters waves in certain oscillation decoration
45
Longitudinal waves cannot be polarised because
The waves have particles that have no components of oscillations in the planes perpendicular to the direction
46
How to polarise microwaves using transmitter
Turn receiver 90* rotation to polarise microwaves or radio waves
47
How is a light polarisation filter made
Made from polymers | With the molecular chains aligned in one direction
48
Stress analysis how
Put load-bearing components under stress View through crossed sheets of Polaroid Multicoloured interference stress patterns analysed to detect potential regions of weakness
49
A scans abbreviated from
Amplitude scans
50
B scans abbreviated from
Brightness scans
51
Pulse- echo techniques
Used to calculate speed of sound And then to help medicine and scans for things As well as in underwater exploration
52
What to remember about distance with pulse echo techniques
The distance is doubled in the experience
53
Type of electromagnetic wave used in pulse echo techniques
Ultrasound
54
Amplitude scans used to
Determine depth of boundaries between tissues or bone and tissue Coupling gel needed so very little is reflected from the skin
55
Brightness scans used to
Detect position of reflecting boundary | They give a display/ image