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Physics AS 1 > Chapter 14- Nature Of Waves > Flashcards

Chapter 14- Nature Of Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

Mechanical

A

Need a medium for transmission
Generated by vibrating sources

Energy from the vibrations is transferred to the medium and is transmitted by the particles within it

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2
Q

Longitudinal

A

Oscillations parallel to direction of energy transfer

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3
Q

Transverse

A

Oscillations of particles perpendicular to direction of energy transfer

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4
Q

Longitudinal vocab of movement

A

Compressions and rarefractions

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5
Q

Examples of transverse waves

A

Water waves

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6
Q

Example if longitudinal

A

Sound waves

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7
Q

Amplitude def

A

Maximum displacement from the mean position

Metres, m

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8
Q

Period def

A

Time taken for one complete oscillation

Seconds, s

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9
Q

Frequency def

A

Number of complete oscillations per second

Hertz, Hz

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10
Q

Frequency eq

A

f= 1/T

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11
Q

Type of graph for oscillating particles

A

Displacement- time graphs

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12
Q

Method of creating an oscillation drawing

A

Pen attached to spring with a mass

Move a piece of white card at constant point

Or
Use motion sensor (transmitter on spring and a receiver)

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13
Q

Phase def

A

The phase of an oscillation refers to the position within a cycle that the particle occupies in relation to the cycle or other particle

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14
Q

Antiphase

A

Two oscillations are half a cycle out of step with eachother

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15
Q

Phase difference

A

The calculated space between two oscillations

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16
Q

360*= (radians)

A

2 pie

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17
Q

180*

A

1 pie

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18
Q

90*

A

Pie/2

19
Q

270*

A

3/2 pie

20
Q

What dies displacement-distance graph show

A

Shows the phase relationship of masses

21
Q

Wave profile def

A

Cross section of the wave at a particular point

22
Q

Difference between displacement-time and displacement-distance graphs

A

1) represents the position of all the particles along the sections of the wave as opposed to
2) showing the motion of a single particle within the wave

23
Q

Degrees to radians calc

A

Pie/180 x angle in degrees

24
Q

Radians to degrees calc

A

180/pie x angle in radians

25
Q

Wavelength def

A

Distance between two adjacent points in phase

26
Q

Electromagnetic waves are created

A

When charged particles are accelerated

27
Q

What continuously varies in an electromagnetic wave

A

Electric and magnetic fields

Have sand frequency as the oscillator

28
Q

Magnetic field for electromagnetic wave

A

Is in the vertical

At right angles to the electric field oscillation

29
Q

Electric field oscillation for electromagnetic wave

A

In the horizontal

Right angles to the magnetic field oscillation

30
Q

Electric or magnetic fields do not require

A

A material medium

31
Q

Electrical or magnetic fields cannot exist without

A

Eachother

32
Q

Anagram for electromagnetic field

A 
Red (radio)
Mints (microwave) 
In  (infrared)
Violet (visible light)
Underpants (ultraviolet)
X-ray
Grapes (gamma)
33
Q

Radio or gamma?

Shortest wavelength

A

Gamma

34
Q

Gamma ray uses

A

In medicine to destroy tumours
To sterilise instruments
(Highly penetrating rays)

35
Q

X-ray uses

A

More controllable than gamma
Used in medicine for diagnosis and treatment
Can detect faults in materials and metals and crystals

36
Q

Ultraviolet uses

A

Stimulates vitamin D in skin creating tan
Makes materials fluorescent
Used in lamps etc

37
Q

Visible light uses

A

Focused on eye retina creates image in brain
Photographic film
Energy source for plant photosynthesis

38
Q

Infrared uses

A

Radiated by warm bodies
Used for heating and cooking
Also in thermal imaging devices

39
Q

Microwave uses

A

Energy transferred to water molecules in food by resonance of microwave frequencies

Used in mobile phones and satellite communications

40
Q

Radio uses

A

Wide range of frequencies allow many signals to be transmitted

Telescopes can detect faint sources in space

41
Q

Speed of travelling wave depends on (2)

A
  • nature of wave

- medium it is travelling through

42
Q

Wave speed equation

A

Speed = wavelength / time period (to complete one cycle)

43
Q

Wave equation

A

Wave speed = frequency x wavelength

Physics AS 1 (10 decks)

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