Chapter 15 psych Flashcards
during the middle ages, _________ was often used to treat mental illness
exorcism
institutions for the mentally ill created in the fifteenth century were known as _________
asylums
in the united states in the 19th century, Dorothea Dix advocated for ____________, an approach calling for dignity, kindness, and respect for those with mental illness
moral treatment
in the early 1950s, medications that treated schizophrenia like chlorpromazine, led to a government policy called __________
deinstitutionalization
some eating disorders are examples of a _________ disorder specific to western cultures
Culture-bound
critics have suggested that DSM-5 is driven more by __________ than science
Drug companies
the diagnostic criteria used to classify individuals with mental disorders in DSM-5 (are/are not) based completely on scientific evidence
are not
one of the many problems with DSM-5 is the high level of __________ among many of its diagnoses
Comorbidity
people with ____________ spend an average of 60 % of each day worrying
Generalized anxiety disorder
people suffer from _______ when they experience panic attacks that are repeated and unexpected and when they change their behaviour in an attempt to avoid panic attacks
panic disorder
a _________ is an intense fear of an object or situation that’s greatly out of proportion to its actual threat
phobia
persistent ideas, thoughts, or impulses that are unwanted and inappropriate and cause distress are called ___________
obsessions
repetitive behaviours or mental acts initiated to reduce or prevent stress are called
compulsions
What anxiety disorder does David Beckham reportedly suffer from question mark can you name some other well-known people who suffer from this disorder?
OCD; cameron diaz, billy bob thorton, howard hughes
People _____________ when they predict terrible events, despite the low probability of their actual occurrence
Catastrophize
Anxious people tend to interpret ambiguous situations in a (negative / positive) light
negative
Many people with anxiety disorders harbor high levels of a
____________, a fear of anxiety related sensations
anxiety sensitivity
The state in which a person experiences a lingering depressed mood or diminished interest in pleasurable activities is called a(n)
Major depressive episode
Over the course of a lifetime more than _______ percent of us will experience a mood disorder
20%
Bipolar disorder is (equally common/ more common) in women compared than men
more common
Twin studies suggest that the _______ of bipolar disorder maybe as high as 85%
heritability
Lewinsohn’s behavioral model assumes that depression results from a (low/high) rate of response contingent positive reinforcement
low
Aaron Beck’s cognitive model focused on three components of depressed thinking: negative views of _______, the ________, and the ________
oneself, world, future
__________ and _________ are associated with a higher risk of suicide than most other disorders
major depression and bipolar disorder
