Chapter 15: Heart Flashcards
1
Q
base
A
- broadest part of the heart
- upper right
- where the great vessels enter and leave the heart
2
Q
apex
A
- point of maximum impact
- where the strongest beat can be felt or heard
- location of apical pulse
- left midclavicular line at the 5th intercostal space
3
Q
pericardium
A
double walled sac surrounding the heart
- fibrous pericardium
- serous pericardium
4
Q
endocardium
A
- innermost layer of heart wall
- lines the heart’s chambers, covers valves
- thin layer of squamous epithelial cells
5
Q
myocardium
A
- middle layer of heart wall
- thickest layer
- composed of cardiac muscle
- performs the work of the heart
6
Q
epicardium
A
- outer layer of heart wall
- closely integrated with the myocardium
- a.k.a. visceral layer
- squamous epithelial cells
7
Q
atria
A
- primarily reservoirs
- receive blood from body or lungs
- walls not very thick
8
Q
ventricles
A
- serve as pumps
- generate a lot of force
- thick walls
- left ventricle walls are thicker
9
Q
tricuspid valve
A
prevents backflow from right ventricle to right atrium
10
Q
mitral (bicuspid) valve
A
prevents backflow from left ventricle to left atrium
11
Q
pulmonary valve
A
prevents backflow from pulmonary artery to right ventricle
12
Q
aortic valve
A
prevents backflow from aorta to left ventricle
13
Q
heart sounds
A
- aortic area
- pulmonic area
- Erb’s point area
- tricuspid area
- mitral area
14
Q
“widow-maker”
A
left anterior descending artery (LAD)
15
Q
coronary sinus
A
- where most cardiac veins empty
- returns blood to right atrium