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IFSTA Company Officer > Chapter 15: Fire Investigations > Flashcards

Chapter 15: Fire Investigations Flashcards

1
Q

A ___________ is an individual who has demonstrated the skills and knowledge necessary to conduct, coordinate, and complete investigation.

A

Fire investigator

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2
Q

The __________ is the area where the ignition source and material first ignited and actually came together.

A

Area of origin

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3
Q

To determine the area of origin, you must work from the ______ damaged area to the ______ damaged area.

A

Least

Most

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4
Q

What 3 things are critical to the overall success of the investigation process?

A

Identifying witnesses

Securing the scene

Noting initial seen observations

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5
Q

What is the 1st step in determining the area of origin?

A

Examining the exterior of the structure/vehicle and the surrounding area

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6
Q

What is the 2nd step in determining the area of origin?

A

Examining the interior of the structure/vehicle

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7
Q

What is the 3rd step in determining the area of origin?

A

Interviewing witnesses/first responders

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8
Q

What is the 4th step in determining the area of origin?

A

Analyzing the information gathered using the scientific method

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9
Q

_______, _______ and ________ from the interior of the building or ignition points on the outside can cause exterior fire damage.

A

Products of combustion

Fire suppression efforts

Ventilation

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10
Q

Fire patterns are formed on interior surfaces of the structure as a result of _______ or ________.

A

Direct flame contact

Exposure to heat

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11
Q

______, ________, or ______ can be the heat transfer method that causes a fire pattern.

A

Conduction

Convection

Radiation

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12
Q

On _________, patterns may cause surface discoloration, spalling, melting, or distortion.

A

Noncombustible surfaces

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13
Q

This fire pattern is created as a result of the plume of hot gases rising above an individual fire.

A

Plume-generated

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14
Q

This fire pattern occurs when radiant heat forms in the hot gas later during a fire before flashover.

A

Hot-gas layer

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15
Q

This fire pattern can vary widely in appearance and was created by ventilation introduced to a fire.

A

Ventilation-generated

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16
Q

This fire pattern occurs after flashover or after a fire has burned for long periods of time, in which almost all vertical and horizontal surfaces in the compartment will show signs of damage.

A

Suppression-generated

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17
Q

This fire pattern is found on combustible surfaces were there has been direct contact with or intense radiant heat. It burns away any accumulated soot or smoke deposits on the surface, leaving demarcation lines.

A

Clean burns

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18
Q

These fire patterns were created when structural components such as wood studs or trusses are exposed to flame.

A

Pointers or arrows

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19
Q

This fire pattern has no common shape in which the fire followed the path of available fuels.

A

Irregular patterns on floors

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20
Q

This is the result of fire burning down word through the floor surface above the joist.

A

Saddle burn

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21
Q

These are on the image surfaces resulting from objects shielding the surface.

A

Protected areas

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22
Q

A company officer must request a fire investigator if: (3)

A

Loss of life

High content loss

Indication that the incident was intentional or malicious

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23
Q

Measurable and visual damage from the fire, combined with the patterns created from the various heat sources involved retell the ________.

A

History of the fire

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24
Q

Proper _________ is critical to any criminal or civil legal case.

A

Documentation

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25
Q

Evidence chain of custody, complete interview reports, photographs, and certified original copies of documents must be gathered and recorded into an _________.

A

Incident investigation report

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26
Q

Vehicle fire scenes can be divided into three areas of examination:

A

The scene around the vehicle

Exterior of the vehicle

Interior of the vehicle

27
Q

Vehicle fire scene can further be divided to make documentation analysis easier: (3)

A

Engine compartment

Cargo compartment

Passenger compartment

28
Q

Company officers should also determine and document the vehicles _________ when it burned. It will assist you in understanding the fire patterns.

A

Rest angle

29
Q

Re-solidified ________ can determine the vehicle’s rest angle.

A

Aluminum

30
Q

_________ fire patterns show movement on the vehicle’s body panels, such as the hood, fenders, doors, roof, and trunk.

A

Radial

31
Q

Radio fire patterns may appear as ‘_________’

A

Ripples

32
Q

While examining the exterior of the vehicle, ________ of the investigator is paramount.

A

Safety

33
Q

Vehicles should be ________ prior to entering or reaching under the vehicle.

A

Stabilized

34
Q

Photographs should be taken of each ______ and _______.

A

Panel

Wheel

35
Q

Engine compartment fires may spread into passenger compartment through pre-existing holes in the ________. Fires may spread at a _______ rate to the engine compartment through these same holes.

A

Bulkhead

Slow

36
Q

While examining the remaining glass in the windshield, damage to the ________ portion indicates directional fire spread from the engine to the passenger compartment.

A

Lower

37
Q

While examining the remaining glass in the windshield, damage to the _______ section may indicate that the fire spread from the passenger compartment into the engine compartment.

A

Top

38
Q

Hot surfaces in the engine compartment may ignite these 3 vapors of ignitable liquids routinely founded vehicles.

A

Gasoline

Break fluid

Oil

39
Q

The temperature of the ________ may increase substantially for the first few minutes after the vehicle has been shut off. This may be sufficient enough to ignite the vapors of a leaking liquid.

A

Exhaust system

40
Q

From its point of origin, a wildland fire burns _______ in all directions.

A

Outward

41
Q

Wind, topography, aspect, and fuel variations affect the fires _______ and ______ of travel.

A

Spread rate

Direction

42
Q

_______ is a product of more complete combustion, and it appears on the exposed side of the remaining debris in a wild land fire.

A

White ash

43
Q

If the company officer cannot determine the specific cause or the fire appears to be the result of a malicious or negligent act, a ________ should be called.

A

Fire investigator

44
Q

A complete ignition source must have the following 3 qualities.

A

Temperature

Heat energy transfer to result in ignition

Time

45
Q

A _______ can be complex and time-consuming when the determination of the origin and cause is not readily made during the examination of the scene.

A

Post-scene investigation

46
Q

What are the 4 general acceptable classifications of a post scene investigation?

A

Accidental

Natural

Incendiary

Undetermined

47
Q

The classification _________ does not involve a deliberate human act.

A

Accidental

48
Q

The classification __________ involves lightning, storms, floods, etc.

A

Natural

49
Q

The classification ______ means that the fire was deliberately set; the responsible party knows that the fire should not have been ignited.

A

Incendiary

50
Q

The classification ________ means the specific cause has not been determined to a reasonable degree of probability. This may be used as an interim classification as the fire investigator is proceeding.

A

Undetermined

51
Q

Name the 7 motives for starting a fire.

A

Revenge

Vandalism

Profit (fraud)

Crime concealment

Excitement

Paranoia

Extremism (terrorism)

52
Q

This arson motive for starting a fire is due to a personal or professional vendetta. It is the largest category of arson. It accounts for 50% of total arson problems.

A

Revenge

53
Q

When ______ is the motive for starting a fire, personal property is often a target. Ignitable liquids are seldom used. Normal targets include vehicles, storage rooms, outbuildings, or fences.

A

Revenge

54
Q

________ arson fires are usually set by two or more individuals. Schools are the primary targets.

A

Vandalism

55
Q

Monetary gain is the primary motivation for this type of arson. The goal is to do the most possible damage in the least possible amount of time. Multiple fires are usually said and ignitable liquids are commonly used. This requires significant preparation.

A

Profit (fraud)

56
Q

This type of arson is used as a tool to destroy evidence of another crime. Is usually associate with burglary, homicide, and embezzlement. Attempt to cover burglary is most common.

A

Crime concealment

57
Q

This type of arson fire brings satisfaction of being the one who created the situation. It provides some people with the feeling of empowerment over society. It develops as a recognizable pattern over a period of time.

A

Excitement

58
Q

This type of arson is not a motive. It is a psychological disorder and is rare. It often involves paper products in vehicles, in alleys, or behind buildings. Individuals regularly set multiple fires within several blocks of each other.

A

Pyromania

59
Q

This type of arson involves intent to advertise or advance the arsonist purpose. They want their group or cause to be identified as the responsible party. There is usually graffiti left at the scene and a phone call or letter to the press is common.

A

Extremism (terrorism)

60
Q

Small children under the age of ______ years experiment with fire out of curiosity, usually resulting in accidental fires.

A

7

61
Q

The majority of fires set result from psychological conflicts during this age range. Revenge, anger or need for attention are usually motivations.

A

8-13

62
Q

This age range usually involves the arrest and detention of the fire setter. They commonly have a long history of playing with fire.

A

15-18

63
Q

The majority of fire setters are_______.

A

Males

64
Q

Company officers should be aware of the presence of the same ________ at fires and visiting the fire station.

A

Juveniles

IFSTA Company Officer (6 decks)

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