Chapter 15- Disorders of Childhood and Adolesence Flashcards
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Disorder of childhood characterized by difficulties that interfere with task oriented behavior, such as impulsivity, excessive motor activity, and difficulties in sustaining attention.
Adderall
A habit-forming drug comprised of a combination of dextroamphetamine and amphetamine.
Autism Spectrum Disorder
A developmental disorder that involves a wide range of problematic behaviors including deficits in language and perceptual and motor development, defective reality testing, and an inability to function in social situations.
Conduct Disorder
Childhood and adolescent disorders that can appear by age 9 and are marked by persistent acts of aggression or antisocial behavior that may or may not be against the law.
Developmental Psychopathology
Field of psychology that focuses on determining what is abnormal at any point in the developmental process by comparing and contrasting it with normal and expected changes that occur.
Down Syndrome
Form of moderate to severe mental retardation associated with a chromosomal abnormality and typically accompanied by characteristic physical features.
Dyslexia
Impairment of the ability to read.
Echolalia
Parrot like repetition of a few words or phrases.
Encopresis
Disorder in children who have not learned appropriate toileting for bowel movements after age 4.
Enuresis
Bedwetting; involuntary discharge of urine after the age of expected continents (age 5).
Hydrocephaly
Relatively rare condition in which the accumulation of an abnormal amount of cerebrospinal fluid within that cranium causes damage to the brain tissues and enlargement of the skull.
Intellectual Disability
A disorder with onset during the developmental. That includes intellectual and adaptive functioning.
Juvenile Delinquency
Legal term used to refer to illegal acts committed by minors.
Learning Disorders
A set of disorders that reflect deficits in academic performance.
Macrocephaly
Rare type of mental retardation characterized by an increase in the size and weight of the brain, enlargement of the skull, visual impairment, convulsions, and other neurological symptoms resulting from abnormal growth of glial cells that form the supporting structure for brain tissue.
Mainstreaming
Placement of mentally retarded children in regular school classrooms for all or part of the day.
Microcephaly
Type of mental retardation resulting from impaired development of the brain in a consequent failure of the cranium to attain normal size.
Neurodevelopmental Disorders
A group of disorders in DSM-5 that are typically manifested in early childhood.
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
Childhood disorder that appears by age 6 and is characterized by persistent acts of aggressive or antisocial behavior that may or may not be against the law. Must persist for over 6 months.
Pemoline
Drug, similar to Ritalin, used to treat ADHD perception. Interpretation of sensory input.
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Type of mental retardation resulting from a baby’s lack of a liver enzyme needed to break down phenylalanine, an amino acid found in many foods.
Ritalin
Central nervous system stimulant often used to treat ADHD.
Separation Anxiety Disorder
Childhood disorder characterized by unrealistic fears, oversensitivity, self-consciousness, nightmares, and chronic anxiety.
Sleepwalking Disorder
Disorder of childhood that involves repeated episodes of leaving the bad and walking around without being conscious of the experience or remembering it later. Also known as somnambulism.
Strattera
A medication used in the treatment of ADHD.
Tic
Persistent, intermittent muscle twitch or spasm, usually limited to a localized muscle group, often of the facial muscles.
Tourette’s Disorder
Extreme tic disorder involving uncontrollable multiple motor and vocal patterns.
Biggest predictor of _______ childhood disorder
Not going to school
Which child has encropresis
Stress related, typically at school
