Chapter 15 Flashcards
Millipedes belong to the arthropod class
Diplopoda
Centipedes belong to the arthropod class
Chilopoda.
Members of this class feed on decaying plant matter, possess repugnatorial glands, and possess two pairs of appendages per apparent segment.
Diplopoda
Members of this class live in forest-floor litter, where they feed on fungi, humus, and other decaying organic matter. Their body consists of 11 segments and 9 pairs of legs.
Pauropoda
The thoracic tagmata of an insect often has a pair of wings on
the mesothorax and metathorax.
Insect flight, in which muscles act to change the shape of the exoskeleton during both upward and downward wing beats, is called ______ flight.
asynchronous
Which of the following mouthparts of a chewing insect, like a grasshopper, is primarily a sensory, liplike structure and is the anterior-most mouthpart?
labrum
The smallest branches of an insect’s respiratory system exchange respiratory gases at the level of body cells. These smallest branches are called
tracheoles
Sensory structures found in the legs of crickets, the abdomen of grasshoppers, and the thorax of some moths detect pressure (sound) waves in the air. These sensory structures are called
tympanal organs.
The light collecting area of a compound eye that converts light energy into a nerve impulse is called the
rhabdome
A ______ is (are) a protective case(s) for the pupal stage of an insect that is formed from the last larval exoskeleton.
puparium and chrysalis
Insect development in which immatures are very different from the adult in body form, behavior, and habitat is called ______ metamorphosis.
holometabolous
The earliest insects likely exhibited ______________________ metamorphosis.
ametabolous
The most successful groups of insects exhibit __________________ metamorphosis.
holometabolous
In haplodiploid insects, sisters are related by ______
75%.
Mayfly development occurs through a gradual series of changes, but the immatures are very different from the adults. These immatures are called _________________.
naiads
Insect development in which molting continues after sexual maturity and in which immatures resemble adults is called ______ metamorphosis.
ametabolous
Social insects include those in the orders
Hymenoptera and Isoptera.
Myriapoda includes scorpions, centipedes, and proturans.
False
The wings of a midge may beat at frequencies of 1,000 cycles per second, which is much faster than the frequency of nerve impulses to flight muscles.
True
Insects are not capable of regulating their body temperature.
False
Gas exchange in insects involves respiratory pigments dissolved in the hemolymph.
False
Insects excrete uric acid using Malpighian tubules, which empty into the gut tract at the junction of the midgut and the hindgut. Because uric acid can be excreted as a semisolid, this excretory mechanism minimizes water loss and aids an insect’s life on land.
True
Even though it can be very complex, most insect behavior is the result of reflexes programmed by specific neural connections.
True
An insect’s compound eyes probably form images, but more importantly, they are adapted for detecting movement.
True
Most of the water and salts present in the digestive tract of an insect are absorbed from the digestive tract through the midgut.
False
Recent reevaluations of arthropod phylogeny suggest that the subphylum Crustacea may be a paraphyletic group.
True
Because insects are vectors for diseases that affect humans; their economic cost to humans far outweighs their beneficial effects.
False
Virtually all zoologists agree that the phylum Arthropoda is a monophyletic grouping.
True
The first insects likely arose around 35 million years ago.
False
