ch19

Question 1

All of the following are amniotes except one. Select the exception.

Answer 1

amphibians

Question 2

Salamanders are members of the order

Answer 2

Caudata

Question 3

Caecilians are members of the order

Answer 3

Gymnophiona

Question 4

Members of the order __________ are wormlike burrowers.

Answer 4

Gymnophiona

Question 5

Members of the order __________ have caudal vertebrae fused into a urostyle.

Answer 5

Anura

Question 6

The major component of the diet of most amphibians is

Answer 6

arthropods

Question 7

Members of which of the following groups are most closely related to the salamanders?

Answer 7

Gymnophiona

Question 8

Which of the following regions of the skeleton of an amphibian is the point of attachment of the hind limbs to the vertebral column?

Answer 8

sacral

Question 9

______ are processes on trunk vertebrae of amphibians. They provide support when an amphibian is out of the water and prevent twisting of the vertebral column.

Answer 9

Zygapophyses

Question 10

All of the following are true of the heart of amphibians except one. Select the exception.

Answer 10

There is complete separation of oxygenated and less oxygenated blood throughout the heart.

Question 11

The ___________ directs blood away from the pulmonary circulation when a frog is burrowed into the mud at the bottom of a pond.

Answer 11

constriction of blood vessels leading to the lungs

Question 12

A portion of the gas exchange in amphibians occurs across the moist surfaces of the mouth and pharynx. This process is called

Answer 12

buccopharyngeal respiration.

Question 13

Unlike fishes, the amphibian ear includes a/an

Answer 13

middle ear and tympanic membrane

Question 14

Low frequency warning sounds are transmitted to the inner ear of amphibians through the operculum and the

Answer 14

operculum

Question 15

All but one of the following are used by some adult amphibians when they are on land to conserve water or replace lost water. Select the exception.

Answer 15

intentional drinking

Question 16

This type of organism has been recently been implicated in local and mass die-offs of amphibians.

Answer 16

fungus

Question 17

Which of the following is closest to the number of currently recognized extant amphibian species?

Answer 17

6,000

Question 18

Frogs and toads are in which phylum?

Answer 18

Chordata

Question 19

It is likely that the “amphibians” actually represent paraphyletic groups.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

Members of the order Anura possess a tongue that is attached at the anterior margin of the jaw and have glands on the tongue that exude sticky secretions. Their tongue is used in a flip-and-grab feeding mechanism.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Most salamanders have internal fertilization. A male deposits a spermatophore, which is picked up and stored by a female. Eggs are fertilized as the female deposits them.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

In adult amphibians, embryonic aortic arch VI becomes pulmonary arteries.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Vision is a very important sense for most amphibians because they are primarily sight feeders.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

The upper eyelid of an amphibian forms a transparent membrane that cleans and protects the eye. This membrane is called the nictitating membrane.

Answer 24

False

Question 25

Amphibians were the first vertebrates to possess a cervical vertebra. This vertebra increases the flexibility of the vertebral column during locomotion on land.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

In addition to disappearing from areas that have suffered habitat destruction, some amphibian populations have declined in areas where local damage has not occurred.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

The worldwide transport of the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis has been implicated in spreading amphibian disease around the globe.

Answer 27

True