ch19 Flashcards
All of the following are amniotes except one. Select the exception.
amphibians
Salamanders are members of the order
Caudata
Caecilians are members of the order
Gymnophiona
Members of the order __________ are wormlike burrowers.
Gymnophiona
Members of the order __________ have caudal vertebrae fused into a urostyle.
Anura
The major component of the diet of most amphibians is
arthropods
Members of which of the following groups are most closely related to the salamanders?
Gymnophiona
Which of the following regions of the skeleton of an amphibian is the point of attachment of the hind limbs to the vertebral column?
sacral
______ are processes on trunk vertebrae of amphibians. They provide support when an amphibian is out of the water and prevent twisting of the vertebral column.
Zygapophyses
All of the following are true of the heart of amphibians except one. Select the exception.
There is complete separation of oxygenated and less oxygenated blood throughout the heart.
The ___________ directs blood away from the pulmonary circulation when a frog is burrowed into the mud at the bottom of a pond.
constriction of blood vessels leading to the lungs
A portion of the gas exchange in amphibians occurs across the moist surfaces of the mouth and pharynx. This process is called
buccopharyngeal respiration.
Unlike fishes, the amphibian ear includes a/an
middle ear and tympanic membrane
Low frequency warning sounds are transmitted to the inner ear of amphibians through the operculum and the
operculum
All but one of the following are used by some adult amphibians when they are on land to conserve water or replace lost water. Select the exception.
intentional drinking
This type of organism has been recently been implicated in local and mass die-offs of amphibians.
fungus
Which of the following is closest to the number of currently recognized extant amphibian species?
6,000
Frogs and toads are in which phylum?
Chordata
It is likely that the “amphibians” actually represent paraphyletic groups.
False
Members of the order Anura possess a tongue that is attached at the anterior margin of the jaw and have glands on the tongue that exude sticky secretions. Their tongue is used in a flip-and-grab feeding mechanism.
True
Most salamanders have internal fertilization. A male deposits a spermatophore, which is picked up and stored by a female. Eggs are fertilized as the female deposits them.
True
In adult amphibians, embryonic aortic arch VI becomes pulmonary arteries.
True
Vision is a very important sense for most amphibians because they are primarily sight feeders.
True
The upper eyelid of an amphibian forms a transparent membrane that cleans and protects the eye. This membrane is called the nictitating membrane.
False
Amphibians were the first vertebrates to possess a cervical vertebra. This vertebra increases the flexibility of the vertebral column during locomotion on land.
True
In addition to disappearing from areas that have suffered habitat destruction, some amphibian populations have declined in areas where local damage has not occurred.
True
The worldwide transport of the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis has been implicated in spreading amphibian disease around the globe.
True
