ch 18

Question 1

Which infraphylum contains the Hagfish?

Answer 1

Hyperotreti

Question 2

Members of the vertebrate class ____________ include the sharks, skates, and rays.

Answer 2

Chondrichthyes

Question 3

This class of bony fishes contains the lungfishes and coelacanths.

Answer 3

Sarcopterygii

Question 4

Ammocoete larvae would be found

Answer 4

partially buried, filter feeding in a freshwater stream or river.

Question 5

Adult members of the infraphylum Hyperotreti

Answer 5

are scavengers, feeding on dead and dying fish.

Question 6

Members of which of the following vertebrate classes is believed to have given rise to ancient amphibians?

Answer 6

Sarcopterygii

Question 7

A vascular network that allows gases to move from the blood stream into a fish’s swim bladder is called the

Answer 7

rete mirabile.

Question 8

Gases are reabsorbed into the blood stream from a swim bladder at the

Answer 8

rete mirabile.

Question 9

The lateral line system may function in all of the following except one. Select the exception.

Answer 9

buoyancy regulation

Question 10

Blood flows from the conus ateriosus of the heart of a fish toward the

Answer 10

gills

Question 11

All of the following are adaptations of freshwater fish for osmoregulation except one. Select the exception.

Answer 11

actively transporting salts out of the blood at the gills

Question 12

Most fishes excrete ______ as the primary nitrogenous byproduct of protein metabolism.

Answer 12

ammonia

Question 13

Diadromous fishes

Answer 13

migrate between freshwater and marine environments.

Question 14

___________ are thought to be a part of the evolutionary lineage leading to terrestrial vertebrates.

Answer 14

Osteoleptifom fishes

Question 15

Which of the following is not a member of the infraphylum Vertebrata?

Answer 15

Hagfishes

Question 16

Gnathostomata is a monophyletic grouping and includes all of the following except one. Select the exception.

Answer 16

Lampreys

Question 17

Blood and water move in opposite directions on either side of a gill lamellar epithelium. This movement provides very efficient gas exchange between blood and water and is called a countercurrent exchange mechanism.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Sharks, skates, and rays regulate buoyancy using a swim bladder with a pneumatic duct connected to the esophagus.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

All members of the class Chondrichthyes possess placoid scales and lack an operculum.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Lungfishes are probably the direct ancestors of the terrestrial vertebrates, according to recent evidence.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

Blood flows through the heart of a fish in the following sequence: conus arteriosus, ventricle, atrium, sinus venosus, ventral aorta.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

All fishes have a heart with a single, undivided ventricle and a single, undivided atrium.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

Some elasmobranchs and open ocean fishes force water over their gills by holding their mouth open while swimming. This method of gill ventilation is called ram ventilation.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Most zoologists believe that swim bladders, like those found in modern bony fishes, were the forerunner of lungs.

Answer 24

False

Question 25

The tissues of a shark are isosmotic with seawater because of the accumulation of urea in body tissues.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

The limbs of some fossil sarcopterygian fishes show structural homologies with the limbs of tetrapods.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

The notochord is retained in adult hagfish

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Osteichthyes is a monophyletic grouping.

Answer 28

False