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AP European History > Chapter 15: 1589-1725 Absolutism and Constitutionalism > Flashcards

Chapter 15: 1589-1725 Absolutism and Constitutionalism Flashcards

1
Q

___ did not suffer in the Little Ice Age

A

Netherlands

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2
Q

Bourbon monarchy

A
  • Founded by Henry IV, foundation of the absolutist monarch
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3
Q

Louis XIII

A

absolutist ruler

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4
Q

Louis XIV

A

divine right, too independent, did not call for Estates General, revoked edict of nantes
- relied on nobles despite his desires to restrict noble order as he needed to extend power throughout France

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5
Q

Jean-Baptiste Colbert (1619-1683)

A
  • Louis’s minister
  • mercantilism
  • wealth and economy of France should serve the state
  • wanted Canada for mineral benefits in the French empire
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6
Q

Company of East Indies

A

founded to compete with Dutch for Asian trade

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7
Q

Edict of Nantes

A

Ended French Wars of Religion, issued by Henry IV to give Huguenots the right to worship

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8
Q

Cardinal Richelieu

A
  • Catholic, French
  • attacked La Rochelle, Protestant household for control
  • supported the Protestants in the 30 Years War to prioritize politics over religion
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9
Q

Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes in

A

1685

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10
Q

Louis XIV Wars of the Spanish Succession (1701-1713)

A
  • Charles II of Spain’s death leaves empty throne, Louis
  • Great Alliance between Prussians, Austrians, English, Dutch try to suppress Bourbon power
  • Issues the Peace of Utrecht, let Louis’s grandson stay as the king of Spain as long as they understood France and Spain could no longer be united
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11
Q

Cardinal Jules Mazarin (1602-1661)

A
  • chief minister for Louis XIV
  • Fronde uprisings: struggle to increase royal revenues to pay for the Thirty Years’ War, rebellions arose
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12
Q

Noble(women) at Versailles

A
  • nobles there for coperation
  • in charge of family connections
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13
Q

The Austrian Habsburgs forced more on

A

unification

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14
Q

Ferdinand II

A
  • confiscated protestant noble land, ruled Bohemia to be Catholic
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15
Q

In 1683, Habsburgs

A

take control over Hungary and Transylvania

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16
Q

Prince Francis Rakoczy

A
  • lead major rebellion against Hungarian absolutist rule, so Hungary was never fully integrated into a centralized, absolute Habsburg state
17
Q

Hohenzollem family

A

Eastern Germany

18
Q

Frederick William

A
  • Great Elector who wanted to unify 3 provinces and expand
  • tripled financial support
  • gave junkers (nobles) unconsented taxes by in exchange offering them control
19
Q

Frederick William I

A
  • Prussian absolutism, militar-obsessed
  • Soldier’s king
  • economic development
20
Q

Peter the Great

A

absolutist ruler in Russia
- obsessed with westernization
- established St. Petersburg, mimicked French style, exemplified power
- stronger sea military, established schools of navigation, math and medicine
- enormous tax, forced shaving of beards and elites going into parties
- wanted access to the sea

21
Q

Ivan IV (Ivan the Terrible)

A
  • wife dies, executes members of leading boyar families and creates a new service nobility to replace them
  • tsar of all the Russias
22
Q

Ivan III (Ivan the Great)

A
  • expanded Moscow, married Byzantine emperor, borrowed elements of Moscow rule
23
Q

James I

A

King of England after Elizabeth I’s death
- James rejected the puritans believing that weakning the Church of England would weaken the monarchy
- closeted Catholic
- divine right of kings

24
Q

Charles I

A

Came to power after King James
- opposed the Church of England, supported free will over predestination
- Petition of Rights (parliament meets frequently) was put forth when he kept on abusing his power
- Charles fled

25
Q

Oliver Cromwell

A
  • replaced the leaders and created a New Model Army with Puritan soldiers, so England became a republic. Military dictator. Established The Protectorate. Victory in English civil war, called for Charles I’s execution.
26
Q

Charles II

A
  • Stuart dynasty, issues with the relationship of the King and Parliament, independence to Scotland
27
Q

James II

A
  • Charles II dies, James II is his successor, makes the Church of England Catholic. Got kicked out when he wanted to make the Church Catholic rather than Protestant.
28
Q

The English Bill of Rights

A

1689 laws protecting the rights of English subjects and Parliament, limied religious freedom

29
Q

Dutch Golden Age

A
  • marine merchant fleet
  • spice trade
  • Amsterdam becomes center for commerce
  • Bank of Amsterdam
  • Dutch East India Company, large capitalization
  • Jews fled to here, led to decline in Spain
30
Q

Peter Paul Rubens

A
  • baroque artist

AP European History (6 decks)

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