Chapter 12 Renaissance Flashcards
giorgo vasari
- renaissance
- artists could exhibit virtu
- did not exclude when searching for models of talent
Dominican friar Girolamo Savonarola (1452-1498)
- Preached to large crowds in Florence, made predictions that God would punish Italy for corrupt leadership
Medici family ruled in
- Florence, then got kicked out because they were accused of having corrupt leadership
Italy was
unorganized
Francesco Petrarch (1304-1374):
- Florentine poet and scholar
- peak writing was in ancient Rome, believed that a golden age would come about if they returned to peak writing, and he was witnessing that peak writing come back right now
- father of humanism
- thought julius caesar’s transformation of Rome from republic -> empire was a betrayal
Leonardo Bruni (1374-1444)
- Humanist historian and Florentine city official
- Linked the decline of Latin language to the decline of the Roman republic
- Divided ancient, medieval, modern
- liked republicanism
Platonic takes on love
- spiritual desire for pure, perfect beauty uncorrupted by bodily desires
- Best way to learn something was to think about it in its most perfect form
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (1463-1494)
- Student of Ficino, believed universe was a hierarchy
- Believed God was at the top, humanity in the middle as the link
- Was arrested for heresy because of his beliefs of hierarchy, but was let free via Lorenzo de’ Medici
- Pico followed Savonarola
Leonardo da Vinci
- Wanted to reproduce what the eye could see, drew executed criminals, beauties of nature, studied bodies
Leon Battista Alberti
- Several list of achievements; writes “he” instead of “I” when congratulating himself
- domestic life for women
Humanist takes on education (general)
- study would help them with growth
humanist takes on education for women
- Wondered whether a program of study that emphasized eloquence and action was proper for women
- Women were bold in claims about value of new learning
- Humanist academies were not open to women, but few women became educated themselves
Baldassare Castiglione
- The Courtier (1528)
- men should fit prerequisites
- Music, education, order, speaking, math, ride horses, sing
- Women should be well-educated, be able to paint, dance, play a musical instrument. Should be beautiful and modest
- Was translated into several European languages, influenced patterns of conduct of elite groups in Renaissance and early modern Europe
Ideal rulers
- difficult to find, humanists looked to the classical past for models
- educated men in political affairs
Niccolo Machiaveli (1469-1527)
- Most well-known civic humanist and political theorist
- The Prince (1513), examples of rulers to argue that one should preserve order and security
Christian humanists
- Northern humanists that interpreted Italian ideas about attitudes toward classical antiquity and humanism in terms of their own religious traditions
Thomas More (1478-1535)
Utopia (1516)
Desiderius Erasmus (1466-1536)
- In praise of folly – made fun of religious institutions
- translated new testament to latin
- criticized the church
- focused on inner spirituality and morality
Patronage who
- Lorenzo de Medici
- Pope Julius II (Sistine)
Giotto (1276-1337) i
Florentine painter that used realism
Piero della Francesca (1420-1492) and Andrea Mantegna (1430-1506) i
Perspective
Donatello (1386-1466) i
Sculptor, balance and awareness
Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446) i
Classical past gave him inspiration for art, balance and harmony
Northern European art was
- more religious
- portrayed every day life
- patronage from secular and religious elites
- printing press was very important
- less influenced by rome and greece
Northern European artists
Rogier van der Weyden and Jan van Eyck
Albrecht Durer n
- northern european rensiassance artist
titian
- mannerism, painting techniques w out elaborate process
Italian Renaissance was
- focused on human forms, symmetry, perspective
- ninja turtles
- mythology
- patronage from the wealthy
- printing press was not as important
- rome and greece were crucial
Most slaves in the 15th century ended up in
Spain and Portugal
large scale agricultural slaves didn’t grow until late
15th century
Italian nobility in the 15th century
- integrated into new social elite of wealth, bought noble titles
sumptuary laws
- merchants were allowed to wear fur, prostitutes had to wear yellow bands etc etc
Debate about women is in the
14th century
Charles VII (French)
- revived monarchy in France, reconciled the burgndians and armagnacs
- taxed lands
Louis XI (French)
- Charles VII’s son
Louis XII
- married Anne of Brittany, added more land
Concordat of Bologna
- pope could take income of newly named bishops in France, Leo X had to recognize French ruler’s right to select said French bishops and abbots
War of the Roses
York and Lancaster civil war
Edward IV
- ended war of the roses, defeated lancastrian forces and brought monarchical rule
Henry VII
- court of star chamber used to deal with aristocratic threats
- expelled nobility
Spain before the 17th century
- not united
1492
- Edict expels all Jews from Spain, Muslims are forcibly baptized
Why did Jews originally come to Spain?
- France and England expelled Jews, they sought refuge in Spain
14th century anti semitism in Spain
- anti jewish preaching
