Chapter 15

Question 1

Behavior therapies

Answer 1

involve the application of the principles of learning to direct efforts to change clients’ maladaptive behaviors.

Question 2

Biomedical therapies

Answer 2

are physiological interventions intended to reduce symptoms associated with psychological disorders.

Question 3

Clinical psychologists

Answer 3

specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and everyday behavioral problems.

Question 4

Cognitive therapy

Answer 4

uses specific strategies to correct habitual thinking errors that underlie various types of disorders.

Question 5

counseling psychologists

Answer 5

specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and everyday behavioral problems.

Question 6

free association

Answer 6

clients spontaneously express their thoughts and feelings exactly as they occur, with as little censorship as possible.

Question 7

insight therapies

Answer 7

involve verbal interactions intended to enhance clients’ self-knowledge and thus promote healthful changes in personality and behavior.

Question 8

interpretation

Answer 8

involves the therapist’s attempts to explain the inner significance of the client’s thoughts, feelings, memories, and behaviors.

Question 9

psychiatrists

Answer 9

are physicians who specialize in the treatment of psychological disorders.

Question 10

psychoanalysis

Answer 10

is an insight therapy that emphasizes the recovery of unconscious conflicts, motives, and defenses through techniques such as free association, dream analysis, and transference.

Question 11

Resistance

Answer 11

involves largely unconscious defensive maneuvers intended to hinder the progress of therapy.

Question 12

Transference

Answer 12

occurs when clients start relating to their therapist in ways that mimic critical relationships in their lives.