chapter 14.1

Question 1

Gametes

Answer 1

male and female sex cells (sperm and the egg)

Question 2

gonads

Answer 2

organs that produce reproductive cells (Ovaries and testes)

Question 2

Secondary sex characteristics

Answer 2

distinct set of features that are not directly related to reproductive funciton

Question 3

Primary sex characteristics

Answer 3

Structures taht play direct role in reproduction

Question 4

testes

Answer 4

two male gonads

Question 5

scrotum

Answer 5

testes held outside body in pouch of skin
regulates the temperature of testes (35) cooler than normal.

Question 6

seminiferous tubules

Answer 6

long, coiled tubes in testes
SPERM PRODUCED

Question 7

Interstitial cells

Answer 7

hormones producing cells, between sseminiferous tubules

Question 8

spematogenisis

Answer 8

production of sperm

Question 9

Sperm cell

Answer 9

0.06 mm long. oval head, cylindrical middle piece, extended tail, head contains nucleus with 23 chromosomes.
covered with acrosome. Acrosome contains enzymes needed to penetrate the layer surrounding a female egg.

Question 10

middle peice

Answer 10

contains mitochondria, provide energy for monement of tail

Question 11

tail

Answer 11

propels the sperm with a lashing motion 3mm/hr

Question 12

Sertoli cells

Answer 12

located in seminiferous tubules, support and nourish developing sperm cells

Question 13

the process

Answer 13

from each testes sperm are transported to nearby duct called epididymis within each epididymis, sperm mature, and become motile
Epididymis connected to storage duct (ductus deferens) which leads to penis via ejaculatory duct (van deferens)
As sperm pass through ductus deferens, it is mixed with fluid which then becomes semen and it enters urethra through ductus deferens.

Question 14

Penis

Answer 14

male organ for sexual intercourse. transfer sperm from male to female reproductive tract. tip is called glans penis, foreskin protects glans penis

Question 15

arousal

Answer 15

during arousal, flow of blood increases to specialized erectile tissue in the penis, which causes the tissue to expand. Veins that carry blood away become compressed. sperm cells move out of each of epididymis though the ductus deferens.

Question 16

Seminal vesicles

Answer 16

produce Fructose (energy), prostaglandins (rhythmic urethra contractions to move sperm), water (bulk/swimming medium)

Question 17

Prostate gland cowper’s gland

Answer 17

Alkaline buffer (protect sperm in acidic vagina environment) and mucus (lubrication and protection)

Question 18

semen

Answer 18

combination of sperm cells and fluids

Question 19

urethra

Answer 19

duct that carries fluid through penis, shared by urine and semen