13.3 Flashcards
adrenal medulla
Inner part of the adrenal gland which sits on top of our kidneys. It produces non-steroid hormones. It is for short term stress response. In a stress situation, hypothalamus sends neuron signals straight to the adrenal medulla where epinephrine and norepinephrine (small amount) is produced. These hormones trigger high blood pressure, blood glucose, heart rate, dilation of pupils.
adrenal cortex
Upper or outer part of the adrenal gland. It produces steroid hormones. Glucocorticoids increase blood sugar and mineralocorticoids increase blood pressure. It is for long term stress response.
long term stress response
Cortisol is a glucocorticoids so it increases blood glucose and it is a steroid hormone as it is produced in the adrenal cortex of the gland. Stress stimulus makes hypothalamus release a adrenocorticotrophic releasing hormone and it makes anterior pituitary to release adrenocorticotrophic hormone which targets the adrenal cortex and produces cortisol which in return increases blood glucose and breakdown proteins, fats, and amino acids. ss
When the blood glucose is up again it serves as a negative feedback and the secretion stops.
aldosterone
Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoids which affect salt and water balance. Aldosterone is produced by the adrenal cortex. Low concentrated water results in adrenal cortex to produce aldosterone and it results in more sodium being absorbed from the urine. When homeostasis occurs adrenal cortex stops of limits the production of aldosterone resulting in negative feedback.