Chapter 14 Vocab

Question 0

Sex chromosome

Answer 0

One of two chromosomes that determine an individual’s sex

Question 1

Karyotype

Answer 1

Photograph of chromosomes grouped in order in pairs

Question 2

Autosome

Answer 2

Chromosome that is not a sex chromosome

Question 3

Pedigree

Answer 3

Chart that shows the relationships within a family

Question 4

Sex-linked gene

Answer 4

Gene located on the x or y chromosme

Question 5

Nondisjunction

Answer 5

Error in meiosis in which homologous chromosomes fail to separate

Question 6

DNA fingerprinting

Answer 6

Analysis of sections of DNA that have little or no known function, but vary widely from one individual to another, in order to identify individuals

Question 7

Key concept

Answer 7

In both cystic fibrosis and sickle cell disease, a small change in the DNA of a single gene affects the structure of a protein, causing a serious genetic disorder.

In gene therapy, an absent or faulty gene is replaced by a normal, working gene.