Chapter 14 Study Sec

Question 1

allergen

Answer 1

substance capable of causing a specific hypersensitivity reaction in the body; a type of antigen

Question 2

anaphylaxis

Answer 2

exaggerated or unusual hypersensitivity to foreign protein or other substance

Question 3

atopy

Answer 3

hypersensitive or allergic state involving an inherited predisposition

Question 4

CD4+ cells

Answer 4

helper T cells that carry the CD4 protein antigen on their surface. HIV binds to CD4 and infects and kills T cells bearing this protein. AIDS patients have an inadequate number of CD4+ cells

Question 5

hodgkin lymphoma

Answer 5

malignant tumor of the lymphoid tissue in the spleen and lymph nodes; reed-sternberg cells are often found on microscopic analysis

Question 6

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Answer 6

virus (retrovirus) that causes AIDS

Question 7

kaposi sarcoma

Answer 7

malignant lesion associated with AIDS; arises from the lining of capillaries and appears as red, purple or brown skin nodules

Question 8

non-hodgkin lymphomas

Answer 8

group of malignant tumors involving lymphoid tissue; ex. follicular and large cell lymphoma

Question 9

opportunistic infections

Answer 9

infectious diseases associated with AIDS; occur because HIV infections lower the bodys resistance

Question 10

protease inhibitor

Answer 10

drug that treats AIDS by blocking the production of protease, a proteolytic enzyme that helps create new viral pieces for HIV

Question 11

reverse transcriptase inhibitor (RTI)

Answer 11

drug that treats AIDS by blocking reverse transcriptase, an enzyme needed to make copies of HIV

Question 12

wasting syndrome

Answer 12

weight loss, decrease in muscular strength, appetite, and mental activity; associated with AIDS