Chapter 13 Vocab Flashcards
albumin
protein in blood; maintains the proper amount of water in blood
antibody (Ab)
specific protein (immunoglobulin) produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses and other antigens
antigen
substance (usually foreign) that stimulates production of an antibody
basophil
white blood cell containing granules that appear blue; associated with release of histamine and heparin
bilirubin
orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed
coagulation
blood clotting
colony-stimulating factor (CSF)
protein that stimulates growth on white blood cells (granulocytes)
differentiation
change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; speacialization
electrophoresis
method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge
eosinophil
white blood cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reactions
erythroblast
immature red blood cell
erythrocyte
red blood cell; 5 million per cubic millimeter
eythropoietin
hormone secreted by kidneys; stimulates red blood cell formation
fibrin
protein that forms the basis of a blood clot
fibrinogen
plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process
globulin
plasma protein; alpha, beta and gamma (immune) are examples
granulocyte
white blood cell with numerous dark staining granules; eosinophil, neutrophil and basophil
hematopoietic stem cell
cell in bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells
hemoglobin
blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells
heparin
anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells
immune reaction
response of the immune system to foreign invasion
immunoglobulin
protein (a globulin) with antibody activity; examples are IgG, IgM, IgA,etc
leukocyte
white blood cell
lymphocyte
mononuclear white blood cell that produces antibodies
macrophage
monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces. as a phagocyte, it engulfs foreign material and debris. in the liver, spleen and bone marrow it destroys worn out red blood cells
megakaryocyte
large platelet precursor cell found in bone marrow
monocyte
leukocyte with one large nucleus; engulfs foreign material and debris and become macrophages when the leave the blood and enter body tissues
mononuclear
pertaining to a cell with a single large nucleus
myeloblast
immature bone marrow that gives rise to granulocytes
neutrophil
granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow; phagocytic tissue fighting cell
plasma
liquid portion of the blood; contains water protein, salt, nutrients, lipids, hormones and vitamins
plasmapheresis
removal of plasma from withdrawn blood
platelet
small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process
polymorphonuclear
pertaining to a white blood cell with a multilobed nucleus; neutrophil
prothrombin
plasma protein, converted to thrombin in the clotting process
reticulocyte
immature erythrocyte; a series of strands (reticulin) is seen after staining the cell with special dyes
Rh factor
antigen on red blood cells on Rh+ individuals
serum
plasma minus that clotting proteins and cells; clear, yellow fluid that separates from blood when it is allowed to clot
stem cell
specialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized forms
thrombin
enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation
thrombocyte
platelet
