Chapter 13 Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

albumin

A

protein in blood; maintains the proper amount of water in blood

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2
Q

antibody (Ab)

A

specific protein (immunoglobulin) produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses and other antigens

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3
Q

antigen

A

substance (usually foreign) that stimulates production of an antibody

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4
Q

basophil

A

white blood cell containing granules that appear blue; associated with release of histamine and heparin

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5
Q

bilirubin

A

orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed

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6
Q

coagulation

A

blood clotting

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7
Q

colony-stimulating factor (CSF)

A

protein that stimulates growth on white blood cells (granulocytes)

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8
Q

differentiation

A

change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; speacialization

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9
Q

electrophoresis

A

method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge

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10
Q

eosinophil

A

white blood cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reactions

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11
Q

erythroblast

A

immature red blood cell

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12
Q

erythrocyte

A

red blood cell; 5 million per cubic millimeter

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13
Q

eythropoietin

A

hormone secreted by kidneys; stimulates red blood cell formation

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14
Q

fibrin

A

protein that forms the basis of a blood clot

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15
Q

fibrinogen

A

plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

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16
Q

globulin

A

plasma protein; alpha, beta and gamma (immune) are examples

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17
Q

granulocyte

A

white blood cell with numerous dark staining granules; eosinophil, neutrophil and basophil

18
Q

hematopoietic stem cell

A

cell in bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells

19
Q

hemoglobin

A

blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells

20
Q

heparin

A

anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

21
Q

immune reaction

A

response of the immune system to foreign invasion

22
Q

immunoglobulin

A

protein (a globulin) with antibody activity; examples are IgG, IgM, IgA,etc

23
Q

leukocyte

A

white blood cell

24
Q

lymphocyte

A

mononuclear white blood cell that produces antibodies

25
Q

macrophage

A

monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces. as a phagocyte, it engulfs foreign material and debris. in the liver, spleen and bone marrow it destroys worn out red blood cells

26
Q

megakaryocyte

A

large platelet precursor cell found in bone marrow

27
Q

monocyte

A

leukocyte with one large nucleus; engulfs foreign material and debris and become macrophages when the leave the blood and enter body tissues

28
Q

mononuclear

A

pertaining to a cell with a single large nucleus

29
Q

myeloblast

A

immature bone marrow that gives rise to granulocytes

30
Q

neutrophil

A

granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow; phagocytic tissue fighting cell

31
Q

plasma

A

liquid portion of the blood; contains water protein, salt, nutrients, lipids, hormones and vitamins

32
Q

plasmapheresis

A

removal of plasma from withdrawn blood

33
Q

platelet

A

small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process

34
Q

polymorphonuclear

A

pertaining to a white blood cell with a multilobed nucleus; neutrophil

35
Q

prothrombin

A

plasma protein, converted to thrombin in the clotting process

36
Q

reticulocyte

A

immature erythrocyte; a series of strands (reticulin) is seen after staining the cell with special dyes

37
Q

Rh factor

A

antigen on red blood cells on Rh+ individuals

38
Q

serum

A

plasma minus that clotting proteins and cells; clear, yellow fluid that separates from blood when it is allowed to clot

39
Q

stem cell

A

specialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized forms

40
Q

thrombin

A

enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation

41
Q

thrombocyte

A

platelet