Chapter 14- RNA Processing Flashcards
A continuous series of nucleotides in DNA encode a continuous series of amino acids in a polypeptide
Colinear
mRNA with the introns still in it, without the post-transcriptional modifications
Precursor mRNA
mRNA with post-transcriptional modifications and the introns spliced out
Mature mRNA
This post-transcriptional modification facilitates binding of the ribosome to the 5’ end of mRNA, increases mRNA stability, and enhances RNA splicing
5’ cap
This post-transcriptional modification increases the stability of the mRNA, aids in the export of mRNA from the nucleus, and facilitates binding of the ribosome to mRNA
3’ poly(A) tail
This post-transcriptional modification removes noncoding introns from pre-mRNA, facilitates the export of mRNA to the cytoplasm, and allows for multiple proteins to be produced through alternative splicing
RNA splicing
This post-transcriptional modification alters the nucleotide sequence of mRNA
RNA editing
The polyadenylation signal consensus sequence 11-30 nt upstream to the 3’ cleavage site
AAUAAA
The sequence located downstream to the 3’ cleavage site
Uracil-rich sequence
Gene sequences that are present in mature mRNA after the removal of introns, can be very small (50 nt or even smaller)
Exons
Gene sequences that are present in pre-mRNA, but not in mature mRNA, can be huge (up to several hundred kb)
Introns
The 5’ splice site
GU
The 3’ splice site
AG
The point locates around 30 nt upstream to the 3’ splice site, where the 5’ end of the intron forms a lariat with the A
Intron Branch Point
The thing made up of five snRNPs (small nuclear ribonucleoproteins) that catalyze splicing
Spliceosomes
