Chapter 14: Reactions Flashcards

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0
Q

reactant

A

the starting substance or molecule in a chemical reaction

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1
Q

Law of Conservation of Matter

A

the law that states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes

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2
Q

product

A

the substance that forms in a chemical reaction

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3
Q

precipitate

A

solid forms as a result of a chemical reaction and leaves the solution

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4
Q

endothermic

A

process where energy is absorbed

requires heat

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5
Q

exothermic

A

process where heat is released

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6
Q

decomposition reaction

A

a reaction in where a single compound breaks down to form two or more simpler substances
one compound-2 or more substances
AX-A+X

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7
Q

double replacement reaction

A

a reaction in which a gas, a solid precipitate, or molecular compound forms from the exchange of ions between two compounds
two compounds-two different compounds
AX+BY-AY+BX

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8
Q

single replacement reaction

A

a reaction in which one element takes the place of another element in a compound
an element and a compound-a different element and compound
A+BX-B+AX(cation replacement), or Y+BX-X+BY(anion replacement)

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9
Q

synthesis reaction

A

a reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound
A+X-AX

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10
Q

combustion

A

substance+oxygen-oxides,light,heat

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11
Q

indicators of reaction

A
change in state:
color 
fizzing
dissolving 
etc.
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12
Q

chemical equation

A

uses chemical symbols and formulas as shortcuts to describe a chemical reaction

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13
Q

NaCl(s)-
O2(g)-
H20(l)
NaCl(aq)

A

NaCl(s)- solid, table salt in a shaker
O2(g)- gas
H20(l)- liquid
NaCl(aq)- dissolved in water, salt dissolved in water

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14
Q

in a chemical reaction,

A

atoms can be separated, joined, or rearranged

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15
Q

How to balance an equation (4 steps)

A
  1. make a list of the elements on the reactant side
  2. make same list on the product side
  3. count the number of atoms of each element on each side
  4. multiply (x coefficient) to get the same number and kind of atoms on each side
16
Q

law of conservation of energy

A

states that the energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can change forms and can be transferred from one object to the other

17
Q

chemical reaction=

A

chemical change