Chapter 14: Reactions Flashcards
reactant
the starting substance or molecule in a chemical reaction
Law of Conservation of Matter
the law that states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes
product
the substance that forms in a chemical reaction
precipitate
solid forms as a result of a chemical reaction and leaves the solution
endothermic
process where energy is absorbed
requires heat
exothermic
process where heat is released
decomposition reaction
a reaction in where a single compound breaks down to form two or more simpler substances
one compound-2 or more substances
AX-A+X
double replacement reaction
a reaction in which a gas, a solid precipitate, or molecular compound forms from the exchange of ions between two compounds
two compounds-two different compounds
AX+BY-AY+BX
single replacement reaction
a reaction in which one element takes the place of another element in a compound
an element and a compound-a different element and compound
A+BX-B+AX(cation replacement), or Y+BX-X+BY(anion replacement)
synthesis reaction
a reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound
A+X-AX
combustion
substance+oxygen-oxides,light,heat
indicators of reaction
change in state: color fizzing dissolving etc.
chemical equation
uses chemical symbols and formulas as shortcuts to describe a chemical reaction
NaCl(s)-
O2(g)-
H20(l)
NaCl(aq)
NaCl(s)- solid, table salt in a shaker
O2(g)- gas
H20(l)- liquid
NaCl(aq)- dissolved in water, salt dissolved in water
in a chemical reaction,
atoms can be separated, joined, or rearranged