Chapter 13&14 (Section 2): Chemical Bonds & Binary Nomenclature Flashcards
Chemical bond
the force that holds atoms together
Chemical Bonding
the joining of atoms to form new substances
Valence electron
electrons in the outermost or highest energy level of an atom
Ionic Bonding
Mechanism?
Attraction?
Atom kind needed?
bonding with ions
electrons transfer
the positive cation and the negative anion
non-metal and metal
Ion
a charged particle that form when atoms gain or lose electrons
Ionic compound
composed of positive and negative ions (cations and anions) combined so that the total positive and negative charges are equal (no net charge, electrically neutral)
Covalent Bonding
Mechanism?
Bond?
Atom kind need?
when two elements share valence electrons
electron sharing
the nucleui’s attraction for the shared electrons
non-metal
Molecule
two or more atoms joined covalently
Metallic Bonding
Atom kind needed?
the bond is the attraction of the nuclei for “sea of valence electrons” or “giant valence electron cloud”
metal
Result of Metallic Bonding
electrical conductivity
malleability
ductility
Inert
chemically non-reactive
Chemical formula
tells the number and kinds of atoms
Naming ionic compounds
first word- name the cation (keep name of parent ion)
second word- name the anion (change ending to “ide”)
Writing formulas for ionic compounds
- write the ions including charge
- if ion charges match- only write the symbols
- if ion charges don’t match- Crisscross (where you switch the ion charges)
Naming covalent compounds
first word- prefix if more than one (of element) and element name (never use mono- on first word)
second word- prefix & element root & “ide”
NO CRISSCROSS!!!
no double vowels so drop a vowel (unless it is an “i”)
