Chapter 14: Instructional Strategies for ELL Classrooms

Question 1

_______ is a system of teaching and learning that focuses all elements of the educational experience, including teaching, assessment, grading, and reporting on standards that span all throughout a student’s schooling.

Answer 1

Standard base education

Question 2

A succinct, clearly written description of what a student should know and be able to demonstrate at a particular point in his or her education; It looks at a progression over a period of time.

Answer 2

Standard

Question 3

These standards are used to determine a student’s ______ , or level of mastery, at a particular point in his or her education.

Answer 3

Proficiency

Question 4

_____ is a part of standards-based education that guides the choices of educators to create and deliver instruction that appropriately addresses specific standards.

Answer 4

Standards-referenced education

Question 5

What are the 4 important factors of Standard Based Education?

Answer 5

1. It ensures that students are progressing towards skills needed to succeed beyond K-12 schooling.
2. It sets clear, shared expectations for schools, teachers, students, and parents.
3. It looks at learning as a continual process of steps and it measures where each student is on the learning path.
4. It creates a common language for communicating learning expectations to students and parents.

Question 6

We use ________ language when we use material that isn’t specifically designed for ELL students; the set of sources of information that members of a language group use to communicate with other members of their group.

Answer 6

authentic language

Question 7

What are the basic guiding principles, which are the set of considerations you should make regarding authentic language resources.

Answer 7

Choose context-appropriate material.
Check for comprehension.
Finally, design tasks to fit the language level of your students.

Question 8

4 Authentic Text Activities to incorporate authentic language

Answer 8

Short stories
cartoons
Textbooks
News

Question 9

3 authentic listening and Video Sources students can talk about to incorporate authentic language.

Answer 9

1. Movies
2. Commercials
3. News

Question 10

3 Genuine Conversation activities to incorporate authentic language

Answer 10

1. planning and. organizing an event
2. conversations across the globe
3. Phone conversation with local businesses

Question 11

real materials, into the class helps ELLs make connections between lessons and the real world.

Answer 11

Realia

Question 12

Why is a comprehensive strategy important?

Answer 12

All areas (writing, speaking, listening, and reading) are interrelated.

Question 13

Speaking and _________ can be viewed as interconnected in an ELL classroom setting.

Answer 13

listening

Question 14

To avoid these obstacles (ELLS being discouraged) to learning , incorporate these five speaking and listening strategies:

Answer 14

1. Write down key words and phrases on the board.
2. Ask a student to summarize information you have just given using his or her own words.
3. Preview new vocabulary before each lesson and review how that vocabulary was used after each lesson.
4. Put students into small groups to discuss the main points of the lesson.
5. Provide students with a lesson outline and encourage them to take notes during class.

Question 15

______ and writing can be viewed as interconnected in an ELL classroom setting.

Answer 15

Reading

Question 16

Incorporate these five integrated reading and writing strategies:

Answer 16

1. Expose your students to a variety of reading sources
2. Allow students to select their own material
3. Assign some reading time
4. Have students write summaries and paraphrase the reading material, and have them compare the information.

Question 17

Motivated readers are often better _____.

Answer 17

readers

Question 18

A differentiated writing strategy to help English Language Learners build their confidence in writing is to give them _______, a sentence with missing words that the student can fill in, often using a word bank

Answer 18

sentence frames

Question 19

Speaking your thoughts about the text aloud so students become familiar with the process of interacting with the text.

Answer 19

Think alouds

Question 20

Where all students read aloud in unison along with the teacher.

Answer 20

choral readings

Question 21

At the earlier stages of English proficiency, allow English learners to access reading materials in their native language. Other options are _____, _____, and _____.

Answer 21

At the earlier stages of English proficiency, allow English learners to access reading materials in their native language. Other options are bilingual books, graphic novels, and picture books.

Question 22

5 differentiated reading strategies for ELL learners

Answer 22

1. Read aloud to English Language Learners
2. Try incorporating think-alouds into your reading
3. Choral reading
4. Partner reading
5. Break down reading assignments into smaller portions.

Question 23

3 differentiated speaking & listening strategies for ELL learners

Answer 23

1. Foster a supportive learning environment where students can make mistakes
2. Give ELLs authentic opportunities to communicate with native English speakers.
3. During small group work, assign tasks to each student, and give low-proficiency students tasks that are less dependent on text.

Question 24

How does a think-aloud help students with reading comprehension?

Answer 24

It teaches English Language Learners how to read fluently and interact with the text.

Question 25

What kind of learning environment is most conducive to second language acquisition?

Answer 25

A welcoming environment where the teacher reduces student pressure by assuring them that mistakes are part of the learning process.

Question 26

Why is it OK to allow beginner English learners to read texts in their native language?

Answer 26

Students who are literate in their native language are more successful with second language acquisition than those who are not.