Chapter 14 - Gene Regulation in Bacteria

Question 1

How the level of gene expression can vary under different conditions

Answer 1

Gene regulation

Question 2

Genes that are unregulated

Answer 2

Constitutive genes

Question 3

Gene regulation is important for cellular processes such as:

Answer 3

Metabolism, response to environmental stress, and cell division

Question 4

When can regulation occur first?

Answer 4

As the gene is copied into mRNA during transcription

Question 5

When can regulation occur second?

Answer 5

As mRNA is translated into amino acids during translation

Question 6

Bind to the DNA and control the rate of transcription

Answer 6

Genetic regulatory proteins

Question 7

When transcription terminates soon after it has begun due to the formation of a transcriptional terminator

Answer 7

Attenuation

Question 8

Can bind to the mRNA and prevent translation from starting

Answer 8

Translational repressor proteins

Question 9

Can produce an mRNA confirmation that prevents translation from starting

Answer 9

Riboswitches

Question 10

Can bind to the mRNA and prevent translation from starting

Answer 10

Antisense RNA

Question 11

When can regulation occur third?

Answer 11

Following translation

Question 12

When the product of a metabolic pathway inhibits the first enzyme in the pathway

Answer 12

Feedback inhibition

Question 13

Modifications to the structure of a protein that can alter its function

Answer 13

Covalent modifications

Question 14

What is the most common way to regulate gene expression in bacteria?

Answer 14

Influencing the initiation of transcription

Question 15

Bind to DNA and inhibit transcription

Answer 15

Repressors

Question 16

Bind to DNA and increase transcription

Answer 16

Activators

Question 17

Transcriptional regulation by repressor proteins

Answer 17

Negative control

Question 18

Transcriptional regulation by activator proteins

Answer 18

Positive control

Question 19

Small effector molecules that increase transcription

Answer 19

Inducers

Question 20

Genes that are regulated by inducers are called…

Answer 20

Inducible

Question 21

Molecules that bind to repressors causing them to bind to DNA

Answer 21

Corepressors

Question 22

Molecules that bind to activators and prevent them from binding to DNA

Answer 22

Inhibitors

Question 23

Genes that are regulated by corepressors and inhibitors are termed…

Answer 23

Repressible