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Botany > Chapter 14: Fungi > Flashcards

Chapter 14: Fungi Flashcards

1
Q

What is the ecological importance of fungi?

A

Decomposers, symbiotic relationships

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2
Q

What are the symbiotic relationships fungi forms?

A

-Micorrhiza: roots
-Lichens: fungus and algae
-Endophytes: toxins outside of plants

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3
Q

What is the economical importance of fungi?

A

Food, cheese flavouring, yeast, medicine, disease

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4
Q

Characteristics of Kingdom Fungi

A

-eukaryotic
-multicellular (except yeasts)
-zygotic meiosis
-chitin cell walls
-heterotrophic/saprotrophic

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5
Q

Saprotrophic

A

Getting energy from another organism

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6
Q

Hyphae

A

Fungal filaments

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7
Q

What are the five types of hyphae?

A

-mycelium
-septate hyphae
-aspetate
-rhizoids
-haustoria

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8
Q

Mycelium

A

Collection of hyphae

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9
Q

Septate hyphae

A

Have septa between filaments

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10
Q

Aseptate

A

Lack septa between filaments

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11
Q

Rhizoids

A

Hyphae that anchor to a substrate

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12
Q

Haustoria

A

Filaments of parasitic fungi

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13
Q

Yeasts

A

unicellular fungi

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14
Q

Dimorphic

A

two forms; yeast and filamentous

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15
Q

Fruiting Body

A

`Sexual structure

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16
Q

What type of sexual reproduction do fungi have?

A

Zygotic Meiosis

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17
Q

Plasmogamy

A

Fusion of cytoplasm

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18
Q

Karyogamy

A

Fusion of nuclei

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19
Q

Dikaryotic

A

Plasmogamy has occurred but not karyogamy, making the cell n + n

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20
Q

What is the ploidy of the zygote in fungi?

A

only diploid cell in cycle

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21
Q

What is the function of the gametanium?

A

Produces gametes

22
Q

Heterokaryosis

A

Two or more genetically different nucei within the same filament

23
Q

Parasexuality

A

Random fertilization when karyogamy occurs in heterokaryotic filaments

24
Q

Division: Zygomycota

A

Bread molds

25
Q

Rhisopus stolonifer

A

Division Zygomycota

26
Q

Stolon

A

Grows horizontally that acts as a runner to produce new individuals
Rhisopus stolonifer

27
Q

Hyphae

A

Any stalk that makes up the body of the fungus
Rhisopus stolonifer

28
Q

Gametangia

A

Male reproductive section; plasmogamy and immediately karyogamy; forms zygospore
Rhisopus stolonifer

29
Q

Sporangiophore

A

Stalk leading to the ball
Rhisopus stolonifer

30
Q

Sporangium

A

The ball on the stalk
Rhisopus stolonifer

31
Q

Phylum Ascomycota
-examples
-hyphae
-reproduction

A

-Sac Fungi: penecillim, aspergillus
-perforated hyphae (plasmogamy and karyogamy)
-asexual: conidospores
-sexual: ascospores

32
Q

Ascocarp

A

cup shape; fruiting body
Phylum Ascomycota

33
Q

Ascus

A

Top part contain ascospores
Phylum Ascomycota

34
Q

How many ascospores held within the ascus?

A

8 haploid cells

35
Q

Conidophore

A

Stalk leading to conidospores
Phylum Ascomycota; Penecillium, Aspergillus

36
Q

Conidospores

A

Haploid cells from conidophore
Phylum Ascomycota, Penecillium, Aspergillus

37
Q

Phylum Basidiomycota
-examples
-fruiting body
-hyphae

A

-mushrooms: corprinus, puccina gramminis aecia, uredina, telia
-basidiospores formed on basidium
-mycelium is perforated; haploid and dikaryotic

38
Q

Corprinus

A

“shaggy mane”
Phylum Basidiomycota

39
Q

Basidium

A

Cup-shaped spore, provides structure
Phylum Basidiomycota

40
Q

Puccina Gramminis aecia

A

Phylum Basidiomycota

41
Q

Aecium

A

Cup structure holding aeciospores
Phylum Basidiomycota; Puccina Gramminis aecia

42
Q

Aeciospores

A

Dikaryotic
Phylum Basidiomycota; Puccina Gramminis aecia

43
Q

Puccina Gramminis uredina

A

Phylum Basidiomycota

44
Q

Uredinium

A

Cup holding urediniospores
Phylum Basidiomycota, Puccina Gramminis uredina

45
Q

Urediniospores

A

Dikaryotic
Phylum Basidiomycota, Puccina Gramminis uredina

46
Q

Puccina Gramminis telia

A

Phylum Basidiomycota

47
Q

Telium

A

Sac holding teliospores
Phylum Basidiomycota, Puccina Gramminis telia

48
Q

Teliospores

A

Two celled, dikarotic
Phylum Basidiomycota, Puccina Gramminis telia

49
Q

Basidiocarp

A

Fruiting Body of Phylum Basidiomycoda

50
Q

Basidium

A

Produces spores in Phylum Basidiomycoda

Botany (10 decks)

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