Chapter 14 - Foreign Policy

Question 1

appeasement

Answer 1

effort to forestall war by giving in to the demands of a hostile power

Question 2

bilateral treaties

Answer 2

treaties made between two nations

Question 3

Bush Doctrine

Answer 3

foreign policy based on the idea that the United States should take preemptive action against threats to its nation security

Question 4

Cold War

Answer 4

the period of the period of hostilities, but no direct war, between the UNited States and the former soviet union between the late 1940s and about 1990

Question 5

deterrence

Answer 5

the development and maintenance of military strength as a means of discouraging attack

Question 6

diplomacy

Answer 6

the representation of a govenrment to other foreign governments

Question 7

executive agreeent

Answer 7

an agreement, made between the president and another country, that has the force of a treaty but does not require the Senate’s “advice and consent”

Question 8

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)

Answer 8

international trade organization, in existence from 1947 to 1995, that set many of the rules govering international trade

Question 9

Internation Monetary Fund (IMF)

Answer 9

an institution established in 1944 that provides loans and facilitates monetary exchange

Question 10

isolationism

Answer 10

desire to avoid involvement in the affiars of other nations

Question 11

nation-state

Answer 11

a political entity consisting of a people with some common cultural experience (nation) who also share a common political authority (state), recognized by teh sovereignities (nation-states)

Question 12

non-state actors

Answer 12

groups other than nation-states that attempt to play a role in the international system. Terrorist groups are one type of non-state actor

Question 13

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

Answer 13

trade treaty between the United States, Canada, and Mexico to lower and eliminate tariffs between the three countries

Question 14

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Answer 14

a treaty organization, comprising the United States, Canada, and most of Western Europe, formed in 1948 to counter the perceived threat from the Soviet Union

Question 15

preemption

Answer 15

the principle that allows the national government to override state or local actions in certain policy area. In foreign policy, the willingness to strike first in order to prevent an enemy attack

Question 16

preventative war

Answer 16

policy of striking first when a nation fears that a foreign foe is contemplating hostile action

Question 17

United Nations (UN)

Answer 17

an organization of nations founded in 1945 to serve as a channel for negotiation and a means of settling international disputes peaceably. The UN has had frequent successes in providing a forum for negotiation and on some occasions a means of preventing international conflicts from spreading. On a number of occasions, the UN has supported U.S. foreign policy goals