Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

American Governments > Ch 2. The Founding and the Constitution > Flashcards

Ch 2. The Founding and the Constitution Flashcards

1
Q

Name three political philosphers contributed to the Founder’s Ideas

A

Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
Baron de la Brede et de Montesquieu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why did British Taxes Hurt Colonial Economic Interests?

A

British Taxes Hurt Colonial Economic Interests

  1. The French and Indian wars (1756-1763) were expensive and the British believed that the colonists should pay taxes to pay for it
  2. Impose tariffs, duties and other taxes on commerce
    1. Stamp Act, Sugar Act of 1760s
    2. Heavily affected the New England merchants and the southern planters
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

1773 - East India _______

A

1773 - The East India Company gets a tea monopoly on all exported tea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

1776 - the ___________

A

second continental congress

- declared that governments could not abridge certain rights

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Articles of Confederation

  • what is it?
  • what could it not do (name at least one thing)
A

the united states’ first writte constitution. The country operative consitution for 12 years.
- could not levy taxes or create a military

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define Confederation

A

a system of government in which states retain sovereign authority except for the powers expressly delegated to the national goverment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What was Shay’s Rebellion and what did it show?

A

Shay’s Rebellion was a mob of farmers takes over the gogvenrment of massachusettes.

Showed how weak the Articles of Confederation were.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define the Virginia Plan

A

a system of representation in the national legislature based on the population of each state or the proportion of each state’s revenue contribution to the national govenrment, or both.
- heavily biased toward large states

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define the New Jersey Plan

A
  • equal state representation int he national legislature regardless of population
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define the Great Compromise

A

the first Branch of congress (the house of Representatives) would be proportioned according to the number of inhabitants in each state. The senate would have equal votes regardless of population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define a bicameral legislature

A

two-chambered legislation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define the Three-Fifths Compromise

A

the seats in the House of Representatives would be apportioned according to a “population” in which five slaves would count as three free people, also institutional racism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define Checks and balances

A

mechanisms through which each branch of government is able to participate in and influence the activities of the other branches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Define electoral college

A

presentail electors from each state who meet afte rhte popular election and cast ballots for president and vice president and senators chosen by state legislature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define bill of rights

A

the first ten amendments to the constitution, which guarantee certain rights and liberties to the people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define separation of powers

A

the division of governmental power among several instutitions that must cooperate in decision making

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define federalism

A

a system of government in which power is divided, by a constitution, between a central government and regional governments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which branch was designed to be the most powerful?

A

The legislative.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What makes up the US congress?

A

a House of Representatives and a Senate

20
Q

Define expressed pwoers

A

specific powers granted to congress in the constitution

21
Q

Define the elastic clause

A

Article I section 8 of the constitution gives congress the authority to make all laws necessary and proper to carry out the other powers given tocongress

22
Q

Define the executive branch

A

the presidency

23
Q

Define judical review

A

The power of the courts to review, and if necessary, declare actions of the legislative and executive branches invalid or unconstitutional

24
Q

define the supremacy clause

A

laws passed by the national govenrment and all treaties “ shall be the supreme law of the land “ and superior to all laws adopted by any state or subdivision

25
Q

Article 5 of the Constitution

A

estbalishes the process for amendment

26
Q

Article 7 of the Constitution

A

its own ratification

27
Q

amendment

A

a change added to a bill, law or constitution

28
Q

Antifederalists

A

those who favored strong state governments and a weak national govenrment and were opponents of the constitution proposed at the American Constitutional Convention of 1787

29
Q

Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union

A

America’s first written constitution; served as the basis for America’s national government until 1789.

30
Q

bicameral

A

a two-chambered legislature; opposite of unicameral

31
Q

Bill of Rights

A

the first ten amendments to the Constitution, which guarantee certain rights and liberties to the people

32
Q

checks and balances

A

mechanisms thorugh which each branch of government is able to participate in and influence the activities of the other branches. Major examples include the presidential veto power over congressional legislation, the power of the Senate to approve presidential appointments adn teh judicial review of congressional enactments

33
Q

confederation

A

a system of government with a weak national govenrment but strong states or provinces

34
Q

elastic clause

A

a phrase in Article I, section 8, of the constitution (also known as the necessary and proper clause), which provides Congress with the authority to make all laws necessary and proper to carry out the other powers given to Congress

35
Q

electoral college

A

the presidential electors from each state who meet after the popular election to cast ballots for president and vice president

36
Q

expressed power

A

specific powers given to Congrress in the Constitution

37
Q

federalism

A

a system of govenrment in which power is divided, by a constitution, between the central (national) government and the regional (state) government

38
Q

Federalist Papers

A

a series of essays written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton and John Jay supporting the ratification of the Constitution

39
Q

Federalists

A

those who favored a strong national government and supported the constitution proposed at the American Constitutional Convention of 1787

40
Q

Great Compromise

A

the agreement reached at the Constitution Convention of 1787 where representation in the House of Representatives would be apportioned according to the number of inhabitatnts in each state, but in the senate eachs tate would have an equal vote regardless of its population

41
Q

judicial review

A

the power of the courts to review and, if necessary, declare actions of the legislative and executive branches invalid or unconstitutional. The supreme Court asserted this power in Marbury v. Madision (1803)

42
Q

limited government

A

a govenrment whose powers are defined and limited by a constitution

43
Q

New Jersey Plan

A

a framework for the Constitution, introduced by William Paterson, which called for equal state representation in the national legislature regardless of population.

44
Q

seperation of powers

A

the division of govenrmental power amogn several institutions taht must cooperate in decision making

45
Q

supremacy clause

A

Article VI of then Constitition which states that laws passed by the national govenrment and all treaties “shall be the supreme law of the land” and superior to all laws adopted by any state or subdivision

46
Q

Three-fifths Compromise

A

the agreement reached that the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that stipulated that for purposes of the apportionment of congressional seats, five slaves would count as three free persons

47
Q

tyranny

A

oppressive and unjust government that employs cruel and unjust use of power and authority

American Governments (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions