Chapter 14 Fisheries - Aquaculture

Question 1

Basic units of biodiversity

Answer 1

Species

Question 2

At the time life began on Earth, small molecules formed containing

Answer 2

Carbon and hydrogen

Question 3

Experiment that demonstrated how complex organic molecules could have arisen in Earth’s early environment

Answer 3

Urey-Miller experiment

Question 4

Amino acids are the building blocks of (4)

Answer 4

DNA
RNA
Protein
Triglycerides

Question 5

Life defined by (2)

Answer 5

Ability to replicate

Ability to carry out metabolism

Question 6

What enables self-replicating molecules to replicate and makes metabolism possible?

Answer 6

Membrane

Question 7

Natural populations of organisms that interbreed with each other, cannot interbreed with organisms outside own group

Answer 7

Species

Question 8

Unable to mate, or male’s reproductive cell cannot fertilize female’s reproductive cell

Answer 8

Prezygotic barrier

Question 9

Matings produce hybrid individuals that do not survive long or are infertile, or reduced fertility

Answer 9

Postzygotic barrier

Question 10

Scientific name consists of (2)

Answer 10

Genus

Specific epithet

Question 11

Industry devoted to commercial fishing or places where fish are caught, harvested, processed and sold

Answer 11

Fisheries

Question 12

Collapsed fishery

Answer 12

Annual catches below 10% of historic high. Stocks no longer support a fishery

Question 13

Nontarget species that become trapped in fishing nets, usually discarded. Trawling has high levels…

Answer 13

Bycatch

Question 14

Amount that can be harvested without decreasing yield in future years

Answer 14

Maximum sustainable yield

Question 15

More fish taken than is sustainable in long run, leading to population declines

Answer 15

Over exploited fisheries

Question 16

Fish population well below historic levels, reproductive capacity low - recovery slow, if at all

Answer 16

Depleted fisheries

Question 17

Zones extend 200 nautical miles from coastline of any given nation, that nation has exclusive rights over marine resources, including fish

Answer 17

Exclusive economic zone EEZ

Question 18

Discrete regions of ocean that are legally protected from human exploitation

Answer 18

Marine protected areas MPAs

Question 19

Restricted areas: fishing prohibited, absolutely no human disturbance allowed

Answer 19

Marine reserves

Question 20

A fishery that ensures that fish stocks r maintained at healthy levels, ecosystem fully functional, fishing does not threaten biological diversity

Answer 20

Sustainable fishery

Question 21

Fish-farming; the rearing of aquatic species in tanks, ponds, or ocean net pens

Answer 21

Aquaculture