Chapter 14 Diversity of Plants

Question 1

Anthophyta

Answer 1

the division to which angiosperms belong

Question 2

anther

Answer 2

a sac-like structure at the tip of the stamen in which pollen grains are produced

Question 3

apical meristem

Answer 3

the growing point in a vascular plant at the tip of a shoot or root where cell division occurs

Question 4

basal angiosperms

Answer 4

a group of plants that probably branched off before the separation of monocots and eudicots

Question 5

calyx

Answer 5

the whorl of sepals

Question 6

carpel

Answer 6

carpel

the female reproductive part of a flower consisting of the stigma, style, and ovary

Question 7

club moss

Answer 7

the earliest group of seedless vascular plants

Question 8

cone

Answer 8

the ovulate strobilus on gymnosperms that contains ovules

Question 9

conifer

Answer 9

the dominant division of gymnosperms with the most variety of species

Question 10

corolla

Answer 10

the collection of petals

Question 11

cotyledon

Answer 11

the one (monocot) or two (dicot) primitive leaves present in a seed

Question 12

cycad

Answer 12

a division of gymnosperms that grow in tropical climates and resemble palm trees

Question 13

dicot

Answer 13

a group of angiosperms whose embryos possess two cotyledons; also known as eudicot

Question 14

diplontic

Answer 14

describes a life cycle in which the diploid stage is the dominant stage

Question 15

eudicots

Answer 15

a group of angiosperms whose embryos possess two cotyledons; also known as dicot

Question 16

fern

Answer 16

a seedless vascular plant that produces large fronds; the most advanced group of seedless vascular plants

Question 17

filament

Answer 17

the thin stalk that links the anther to the base of the flower

Question 18

gametangium

Answer 18

the structure within which gametes are produced

Question 19

gametophyte

Answer 19

the haploid plant that produces gametes

Question 20

gingkophyte

Answer 20

a division of gymnosperm with one living species, the Gingko biloba, a tree with fan-shaped leaves

Question 21

gynoecium

Answer 21

a division of gymnosperms with varied morphological features that produce vessel elements in their woody tissues

Question 22

haplodiplontic

Answer 22

describes a life cycle in which the haploid and diploid stages alternate; also known as an alternation of generations life cycle

Question 23

haplontic

Answer 23

describes a life cycle in which the haploid stage is the dominant stage

Question 24

herbaceous

Answer 24

describes a plant without woody tissue

Question 25

heterosporous

Answer 25

having two kinds of spores that give rise to male and female gametophytes

Question 26

homosporous

Answer 26

having one kind of spore that gives rise to gametophytes that give rise to both male and female gametes

Question 27

hornwort

Answer 27

a group of non-vascular plants in which stomata appear

Question 28

horsetail

Answer 28

a seedless vascular plant characterized by a jointed stem

Question 29

liverwort

Answer 29

the most primitive group of non-vascular plants

Question 30

megasporocyte

Answer 30

a megaspore mother cell; larger spore that germinates into a female gametophyte in a heterosporous plant

Question 31

monocot

Answer 31

a related group of angiosperms that produce embryos with one cotyledon and pollen with a single ridge

Question 32

moss

Answer 32

a group of plants in which a primitive conductive system appears

Question 33

nonvascular plant

Answer 33

a plant that lacks vascular tissue formed of specialized cells for the transport of water and nutrients

Question 34

ovary

Answer 34

the chamber that contains and protects the ovule or female megasporangium

Question 35

petal

Answer 35

a modified leaf interior to the sepal; colorful petals attract animal pollinator

Question 36

phloem

Answer 36

the vascular tissue responsible for transport of sugars, proteins, and other solutes

Question 37

pistil

Answer 37

pistil

the group of structures that constitute the female reproductive organ; also called the carpel

Question 38

sepal

Answer 38

a modified leaf that encloses the bud; outermost structure of a flower

Question 39

sporangium

Answer 39

the organ within which spores are produced

Question 40

sporophyll

Answer 40

a leaf modified structurally to bear sporangia

Question 41

sporophyte

Answer 41

the diploid plant that produces spores

Question 42

stamen

Answer 42

the group of structures that contain the male reproductive organs

Question 43

stigma

Answer 43

uppermost structure of the carpel where pollen is deposited

Question 44

strobili

Answer 44

cone-like structures that contain the sporangia

Question 45

style

Answer 45

the long thin structure that links the stigma to the ovary

Question 46

syngamy

Answer 46

the union of two gametes in fertilization

Question 47

vascular plant

Answer 47

a plant in which there is a network of cells that conduct water and solutes through the organism

Question 48

whisk fern

Answer 48

a seedless vascular plant that lost roots and leaves by evolutionary reduction

Question 49

gymnosperm

Answer 49

a seed plant with naked seeds (seeds exposed on modified leaves or in cones

Question 50

gynoecium

Answer 50

the group of structures that constitute the female reproductive organ; also called the pistil