Ch. 33 The Animal body

Question 1

acclimatization

Answer 1

alteration in a body system in response to environmental change

Question 2

alternation

Answer 2

change of the set point in a homeostatic system

Question 3

apodeme

Answer 3

ingrowth of an animal’s exoskeleton that functions as an attachment site for muscles

Question 4

pseidostratified

Answer 4

layer of epithelia that appears multilayered, but is a simple covering

Question 5

sagittal plane

Answer 5

plane cutting through an animal separating the individual into right and left sides

Question 6

set point

Answer 6

midpoint or target point in homeostasis

Question 7

simple epithelia

Answer 7

single layer of epithelial cells

Question 8

squamous epithelia

Answer 8

type of epithelia made of flat cells, specialized in aiding diffusion or preventing abrasion

Question 9

standard metabolic rate (SMR)

Answer 9

metabolic rate at rest in ectothermic animals

Question 10

stratified epithelia

Answer 10

multiple layers of epithelial cells

Question 11

thermoregulation

Answer 11

regulation of body temperature

Question 12

torpor

Answer 12

decrease in activity and metabolism that allows an animal to survive adverse conditions

Question 13

trabecula

Answer 13

tiny plate that makes up spongy bone and gives it strength

Question 14

transitional epithelia

Answer 14

epithelia that can transition for appearing multilayered to simple; also called uroepithelial

Question 15

transverse (horizontal) plane

Answer 15

plane cutting through an animal separating the individual into upper and lower portions

Question 16

ventral cavity

Answer 16

body cavity on the anterior or front portion of an animal that includes the thoracic cavities and the abdominopelvic cavities

Question 17

asymmetrical

Answer 17

describes animals with no axis of symmetry in their body pattern

Question 18

basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Answer 18

metabolic rate at rest in endothermic animals

Question 19

canaliculus

Answer 19

microchannel that connects the lacunae and aids diffusion between cells

Question 20

cartilage

Answer 20

type of connective tissue with a large amount of ground substance matrix, cells called chondrocytes, and some amount of fibers

Question 21

chondrocyte

Answer 21

cell found in cartilage

Question 22

columnar epithelia

Answer 22

epithelia made of cells taller than they are wide, specialized in absorption

Question 23

connective tissue

Answer 23

type of tissue made of cells, ground substance matrix, and fibers

Question 24

cuboidal epithelia

Answer 24

epithelia made of cube-shaped cells, specialized in glandular functions

Question 25

dorsal cavity

Answer 25

body cavity on the posterior or back portion of an animal; includes the cranial and vertebral cavities

Question 26

ectotherm

Answer 26

animal incapable of maintaining a relatively constant internal body temperature

Question 27

endotherm

Answer 27

animal capable of maintaining a relatively constant internal body temperature

Question 28

epithelial tissue

Answer 28

tissue that either lines or covers organs or other tissues

Question 29

estivation

Answer 29

torpor in response to extremely high temperatures and low water availability

Question 30

fibrous connective tissue

Answer 30

type of connective tissue with a high concentration of fibers