Chapter 14: Altruism and Cooperation Flashcards
Altruism
unselfish behavior that benefits others without regard to consequences for oneself
Social Reward
a benefit, such as praise, positive attention, something tangible, or gratitude, that may be gained from helping others, and serves as a motive for altruistic behavior
Personal Distress
personal distress a motive for helping others in distress that may arise from a need to reduce one’s own distress
Empathetic Concern
identifying with someone in need, including feeling and understanding what that person is experiencing, accompanied by the intention to help the person
Volunteerism
assistance a person regularly provides to another person or group with no expectation of compensation
Bystander Intervention
assistance given by a witness to someone in need
Diffusion of Responsibility
a reduction of the sense of urgency to help someone involved in an emergency or dangerous situation, based on the assumption that others who are present will help
Kin Selection
an evolutionary strategy that favors the reproductive success of one’s genetic relatives, even at a cost to one’s own survival and reproduction
Reciprocal Altruism
helping others with the expectation that they will probably return the favor in the future
Prisoner’s Dilemma
a situation involving payoffs to two people, who must decide whether to cooperate or defect. In the end, trust and cooperation lead to higher joint payoffs than mistrust and defection
Reputation
the collective beliefs, evaluations, and impressions people hold about an individual within a social network
Tit-For-Tat Strategy
a strategy in the prisoner’s dilemma game in which the player’s first move is cooperative; thereafter, the player mimics the other person’s behavior, whether cooperative or competitive. This strategy fares well when interacting with other strategies.
