Chapter 14: Abnormal Mobility

Question 1

defective muscle activation

Answer 1

paretic component

Question 2

abnormal velocity-dependent EMG recruitment during muscle lengthening

Answer 2

spastic component

Question 3

loss of selectivity in motor output

Answer 3

cocontraction component

Question 4

changes in mechanical properties of the muscle tendon systems

Answer 4

nonneural component

Question 5

loss of adequate force generation in muscles

Answer 5

paresis

Question 6

abnormal velocity-dependent recruitment of muscle during lengthening

Answer 6

spasticity

Question 7

loss of selectivity in motor output

Answer 7

concontraction

Question 8

changes in mechanical properties of muscle tendon system

Answer 8

non-neural component

Question 9

how much does weakness affect the ability to walk independently? it depends on

Answer 9

which muscles are affected, how weak are the affected muscles, whats the capacity of other muscles to compensate

Question 10

key muscles in gait are:

Answer 10

PF
quads
hip flexors, extensors and abductors

Question 11

compensatory strategies used to advance the swing leg due to decreased hip flexion:

Answer 11

activation of the abs, circumduction, contralateral vault (up on contralateral toe), leaning trunk laterally to opposite side

Question 12

need to be aware of spasticity effect on key muscles:

Answer 12

PF
quads
HS
hip adductors

Question 13

spasticity affects many patient populations:

Answer 13

CVA, CP, MS, TBI

Question 14

abnormal synergies is a lesion of what tract?

Answer 14

corticospinal

Question 15

the normal control of gait requires the integration of both _____ sensory inputs and ______ inputs

Answer 15

peripheral, descending supraspinal

Question 16

sensory inputs serve as:

Answer 16

a trigger for initiation of swing and are necessary for adapting locomotion to changing environmental conditions

Question 17

body image and scheme disorder

Answer 17

decreased stability, inappropriate foot placement, difficulty controlling the COM relative to a changing BOS

Question 18

spatial relation disorders

Answer 18

reduced ability to navigate safely through the environment

Question 19

compensatory patterns used in the presence of pain:

Answer 19

reduced weight bearing on painful side, avoidance of impact loading, reduced joint excursion, decreased joint compressive forces

Question 20

what is a major risk factor for falls?

Answer 20

dementia

Question 21

factors correlated with participation in community ambulation are:

Answer 21

balance, usual gait velocity, and velocity on complex waking tasks an strength in the hemiparetic limb