Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SOC 3410 > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

1
Q

Probation, treatment services such as individual/group counseling, restitution, foster homes and small group home, boarding schools, counseling and vocational training are some of the efforts to

A

provide care, protection, and treatment for juveniles in need

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

suppression effect

A

A reduction of the number of arrests per year for youths who have been incarcerated or otherwise punished.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Correctional centers are operated by what kind of governments?

A

federal, state and/or county

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Correctional centers restrict movement of residents through means such as

A

staff monitoring, locked exits, and interior fence controls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Various types of institutional treatment:

A

Reception centers, specialized facilities, training schools, ranch/forestry, and boot camps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is juvenile probation?

A

Nonpunitive, legal disposition of juveniles emphasizing community treatment with close supervision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Juvenile probation is characterized by:

A

Established set of rules, treatment in the community
Group counseling
Drug treatment
Others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The primary form of community treatment used in the juvenile system is

A

juvenile probation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

…was part of social reform in the latter half of the 19th century

A

juvenile probation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

By…, probation had become a mandatory part of the court structure

A

1890

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Probation is the most popular juvenile disposition for juvenile court judges: … juveniles were placed on formal probation to date

A

339,700

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Contemporary probation is the backbone of

A

community treatment centers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Probation is a direct judicial order that allows youth to remain in

A

community under court supervision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Conditions of probation typically involve basic rules such as

A

attending school/work, keeping regular hours, remaining in the jurisdiction, and staying out of trouble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Probation is often ordered for an…period of time

A

indefinite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Probation allows the court to…a program to each youth offender

A

tailor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Research raises questions regarding the adequacy of the present system to attend to special needs of…probationers

A

female

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Personalized probation plans help with the problem of

A

female probationers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Particularly for…, probation is often the disposition of choice

A

status offenders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Restitution or reparation, intensive supervision and/ore counseling, participation in a therapeutic program and/or educational or vocational training program, lead law-abiding live, maintain a residence in a family setting, refrain from associating with certain types of people, remain in a particular area unless given permission to leave are some of the rules and regulations included in:

A

probation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The Supreme Court ruled that a juvenile is normally entitled to … and a … if cited for a probation violation

A

legal representation; hearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Intake, predisposition, post adjudication, post disposition are the duties of

A

juvenile probation officers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Intake (duties of juvenile probation officers):

A

Screen complaints and make case decisions: refer the child to agency for service or to the court for judicial action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Predisposition (duties of juvenile probation officers):

A

Participate in release or detention decisions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Post adjudication (duties of juvenile probation officers):

A

Assist the court in reaching a dispositional decision

Prepare predispositional reports containing pertinent, comprehensive information regarding the juvenile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Post disposition (duties of juvenile probation officers):

A

Supervise juveniles placed on probation Provide supervision and treatment in the community
Provide extensive counseling to the child and family
Refer to social service agencies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Juvenile intensive probation supervision (JIPS)

A

A true alternative to incarceration that involves almost daily supervision of the juvenile by the probation officer assigned to the case.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Intensive supervision involves

A

treating juveniles normally sent to secure confinement in the community as part of small, specialized caseload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Goals of intensive supervision are:

A

decarceration, control, and maintaining community ties and reintegration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

House arrest coupled with…is common

A

electric monitoring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

The effectiveness of electric monitoring is

A

debatable, and seems to be effective only with certain populations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

restorative justice

A

Nonpunitive strategies for dealing with juvenile offenders that make the justice system a healing process rather than a punishment process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

balanced probation

A

A program that integrates community protection, accountability of the juvenile offender, competency, and individualized attention to the juvenile offender, based on the principle that juvenile offenders must accept responsibility for their behavior.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Restitution

A

Can take on several forms: monetary, victim services, and community service, among others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

monetary restitution

A

Offenders compensate crime victims for out-of-pocket losses caused by the crime, including property damage, lost wages, and medical expenses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

community service restitution

A

Offenders assist some worthwhile community organization for a period of time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

victim service restitution

A

Offenders provide some service directly to the crime victim.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Residential programs are non-secure facilities where:

A

juveniles are closely monitored

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Group homes are non secure residences that provide

A

counseling, education, job training, and family living

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Foster care programs:

A

Combination of foster care and group homes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Rural programs provide:

A

recreational activities or work for juveniles in a rural setting, i.e., forestry camp or farm, ranch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Reform schools are institutions that provide

A

educational and psychological services to improve the conduct of juveniles who are forcibly detained

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

cottage system

A

Housing in a compound of small cottages, each of which can accommodate 20 to 40 children.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

The first juvenile court came in

A

1899

45
Q

In 1930s, the…began to emerge

A

Civilian Conservation Corps

46
Q

In the…American Law Institute’s Model Youth Correction Authority Act passed

A

1940s

47
Q

Most delinquent juveniles housed in… facilities

A

public

48
Q

Most status offenders are held in

A

private facilities

49
Q

Typical resident in juvenile facility:

A

15 or 16 years of age European American MaleMost incarcerated are person, property, or drug offenders

50
Q

Minority, youth are…likely to be incarcerated as punishment for their offenses

A

more

51
Q

…in…juveniles in custody belong to racial or ethnic minorities

A

7 in 10

52
Q

Seven out of every eight incarcerated juveniles are

A

male

53
Q

Number of female offenders has increased by

A

57 percent

54
Q

Girls are…likely to be incarcerated for status offenses

A

more

55
Q

Institutions for…are more restrictive than those for…, and do a less-than-adequate job of rehabilitation

A

girls; boys

56
Q

Over the years, the number of…held in public institutions has declined, but they tend to be incarcerated longer

A

females

57
Q

Female offenders have higher rates of …, and are typically isolated in rural areas

A

mental health problems

58
Q

Purpose of juvenile correctional system is

A

rehabilitation of juvenile offender

59
Q

What kind of treatment is most common in juvenile correctional system?

A

individual

60
Q

Some individual treatments in juvenile correctional system

A

Psychotherapy, reality therapy, and behavior modification

61
Q

Group treatments

A

Guide group interaction (GGI), positive peer culture (PPC), and milieu therapy

62
Q

Educational programs are often the best staffed of all programs, but are still

A

inadequate

63
Q

A common drawback of vocational training is

A

“sex-typing”

64
Q

Vocational programs range from

A

auto repair to computer training

65
Q

Wilderness programs

A

Involve outdoor expeditions that provide opportunities to confront difficulties and achieve personal satisfaction

66
Q

Juvenile boot camps

A

Combine get-tough approaches with education, substance abuse treatment, and social skills training

67
Q

A meta-analysis study shows boot camps to be ineffective in

A

reducing recidivism rates

68
Q

The concept of legal right to treatment was introduced to the mental health field in 1960 by

A

Morton Birnbaum

69
Q

Boy’s Training School v. Affleck (1972)

A

Established minimum standards for all juveniles confined in training schools

70
Q

Nelson v. Heyne (1974)Morales v. Turman Pena v. New York State Division for Youth Ralston v. Robinson Santana v. Callazo

A

Other cases related to “right to treatment”

71
Q

aftercare

A

Transitional assistance to juveniles equivalent to adult parole to help youths adjust to community life.

72
Q

Reentry

A

the process of returning to society upon release from a secure custody facility

73
Q

Services provided to juveniles:

A

Supervision by parole officers or a caseworker to maintain contact with juvenile, make sure a corrections plan is followed, and show interest and care

74
Q

Adhere to a reasonable curfew set by youth worker or parent
Refrain from associating with persons whose influence would be detrimental Attend school in accordance with the law Abstain from drugs and alcohol
Report to the youth worker when required

A

aftercare revocation procedures

75
Q

Refrain from acts that would be crimes if committed by an adult
Refrain from operating an automobile without permission of the youth worker or parent
Refrain from being habitually disobedient and beyond the lawful control of parent or other legal authority
Refrain from running away from the lawful custody or parent or other legal authority

A

More aftercare revocation procedures

76
Q

There is a debate regarding effectiveness of…versus…treatment

A

community; institutional

77
Q

The most effective secure corrections programs are the ones that provide

A

individual services for a small number of participants

78
Q

The concept of…is applicable in decisions on placing juvenile offenders in institutions to ensure that the setting benefits the juvenile’s treatment needs

A

least restrictive alternative

79
Q

________________ combine elements of foster care and group home placements and are run by a single family rather than staff members.

A

family group homes

80
Q

In ________________________, all aspects of the environment are part of the treatment, and meaningful change, increased growth, and satisfactory adjustment are encouraged.

A

milieu therapy

81
Q

_____________________ involve one or two juveniles who live with a family, usually a husband and wife who serve as surrogate parents.

A

Foster home programs

82
Q

_____________________ is based on the theory that all behavior is learned and that current behavior can be shaped through rewards and punishments.

A

Behavior modification

83
Q

____________________ is the primary form of correctional treatment used by the juvenile justice system.

A

Probation

84
Q

Which institution is a treatment facility operated by a government agency that restricts the movement of residents through staff monitoring, locked exits, and interior fence controls?

A

reception center

85
Q

In 2008, _____ percent of all juvenile dispositions ended in probation.

A

57

86
Q

A juvenile probation officer supervise juveniles placed on probation during _____.

A

postdisposition

87
Q

The social investigation report submitted to the court by the probation officer includes _____.

A

the juvenile’s physical and mental health

88
Q

What is the primary goal of juvenile intensive probation supervision?

A

the decarceration of high-risk juvenile offenders

89
Q

Which form of community-based corrections applies restrictions prescribed by community members to help repair harm done to victims?

A

restorative justice

90
Q

Which is one of the core values of restorative justice?

A

The offender will develop improved competency and understanding.

91
Q

The _____ approach integrates community protection, the accountability of the juvenile offender, and individualized attention to the offender.

A

balanced probation

92
Q

When was the House of Refuge established?

A

1825

93
Q

Since the 1970s, which policy has been the leading practice for providing services for status offenders?

A

least restrictive alternative

94
Q

What percent of juvenile delinquents are held in public secure facilities?

A

69 percent

95
Q

Why do some states incarcerate juveniles at a much higher rate than others?

A

Those states have higher adult custody rates

96
Q

Despite good intentions, why is the goal of rehabilitation sometimes not attained in treatment programs?

A

poor implementation of the programs

97
Q

Which form of therapy involves highly structured counseling in which a therapist helps a juvenile solve conflicts, analyze childhood experiences, and make a more positive adjustment to society?

A

psychotherapy

98
Q

Which form of therapy is based on social learning theory?

A

behavior modification

99
Q

Which treatment approach is based on the theory that, through group discussions, a delinquent can acknowledge and solve personal problems?

A

guided group interaction

100
Q

A meta-analysis of boot camps found that _____.

A

juvenile boot camps have a higher, though not significant, recidivism rate than do adult boot camps

101
Q

Which court case determined that failure to treat juveniles is a violation of their due process guarantees?

A

Inmates of the Boys’ Training School v. Affleck

102
Q

The court struck down the claim that a youth should continue to be given treatment after being sentenced to a consecutive term in an adult prison in which case?

A

Ralston v. Robinson

103
Q

Among the basic principles of Intensive Aftercare Program (IAP) is one of _____.

A

developing new resources and supports where needed

104
Q

Which U.S. state took the first step in developing juvenile probation in the nineteenth century?

A

Massachusetts

105
Q

Which type of offender is most likely to fail on electronic monitoring?

A

substance abusers

106
Q

The Juvenile Residential Facility Census has found that _____ of the 2,860 facilities that reported information were either at capacity or overcrowded.

A

25 percent

107
Q

In a detailed review of the effects of wilderness programs—specifically, those emphasizing physical activity over more therapeutic goals—on recidivism, Doris MacKenzie concludes that these programs _____.

A

do not work

108
Q

Most states have extended the same legal rights enjoyed by adults at parole revocation hearings to juveniles who are in danger of losing their aftercare privileges. What is one of these rights?

A

the right to introduce documentary evidence and witnesses

SOC 3410 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions