Chapter 14 Flashcards
any chemical other than
food intended to affect the
structure or function of the body
drug
any habit that has
gotten out of control, resulting in a
negative impact on a person’s health:
addictive behaviour
General characteristics associated with
addictive behaviors:
o Reinforcement o Compulsion or craving o Loss of control o Escalation o Negative consequences
•Common behaviors are potentially:
addictive
Examples of
Addictive Behaviors
Compulsive or pathological
gambling
Compulsive buying or shopping
•Internet addiction
substace ABUSE:
• Recurrent use of a substance, resulting in a
failure to fulfill major responsibilities at work,
school, or home
• Recurrent use in situations in which it is
physically hazardous (e.g. before driving)
• Recurrent legal problems
• Continued use despite persistent social or
interpersonal problems
• The pattern of use may be constant or
intermittent, and physical dependence may or
may not be present
a cluster of
symptoms that occur in an individual who
continues to use a substance despite suffering
significant problems, leading to significant
impairment or distress
Substance dependence
alcohol stats:
About 79% of Canadians over age 15
drink alcohol in some form
can impair functioning in the
short term and cause devastating
damage in the long term:
alcohol
related to the leading
cause of death among people between
ages 15 and 24 :
alcohol
the amount of alcohol in the blood in terms of
weight per unit volume; used as a measure of
intoxication:
Blood alcohol concentration (BAC)
The body can metabolize about:
one-half a drink in an hour
Women typically have a higher:
BAC
Low doses of alcohol:
induce relaxation and
release inhibitions
High doses of alcohol have many dangerous
physical and psychological effects -
impaired judgment, weakened sensory perception, reduced inhibitions, impaired motor coordination, increased aggressiveness and hostility
2002 - stats:
close to 1000 deaths in Canada directly
related to alcohol consumption
how much % of all serious injury collisions involved alcohol?
18%
Effects of
Chronic Use of Alcohol:
Reduced life expectancy ~ 15 years
Cirrhosis
Increased risk of heart attack and cancer
Psychological problems: paranoia, memory gaps
a disease in which liver tissue is
replaced with scar tissue and severely
damaged
Cirrhosis
heavy drinking=
100 + drinks / month for men,
80 + for women
heavy drinking results in:
brain damage and impaired
mental functioning
High doses of alcohol lead to:
• cardiovascular problems, including high
blood pressure, arrhythmia, and weakening
of the heart muscle.
• alcohol is a known human carcinogen - oral
cancer; esophageal, liver, stomach, and
pancreas; and breast cancer.
• links to asthma, gout, diabetes, recurrent
infections, nutritional deficiencies, and
nervous system diseases.
__% of Canadian women aged 15 and
older reported drinking in 2012:
74%
__% of these women exceeded the
long-term health risk guidelines
16%
__% of these women exceeded the
acute risk guidelines
10%